402 STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. 



As will be seen, the two formulas differ only by the addition of 10 pounds of 

 sulphur in the second. This increases its efficiency as a fungicide, especially 

 against the surface mildews, but it adds one-third to the cost. To prepare these 

 dust sprays dissolve the copper sulphate in four gallons of boiling water. Then 

 take six pounds of stone lime and slake it with four gallons of hot water. 

 "When cold add the solution of copper sulphate and mix thoroughly. Then pour 

 into a grain sack and press out the surplus water. Without allowing it to dry 

 add this to 100 pounds of air-slaked lime and shovel it over until thoroughly mixed. 

 Spread it out to dry and then, after adding the Ph,ris green (and the sulphur 

 for formula No. 2) and mixing, pass it through a fine seive to remove the lumps. 

 Keep in a dry place until ready for use. 



To be effectual the dust sprays should be used twice as many times as the 

 liquid sprays, or six to eight times in a season upon the apple and most other 

 fruits. If thoroughly applied the cost of the material will be fully as great 

 as for the liquid sprays, but the labor will be less. They should be applied, if 

 possible, in the morning while the dew is on, or soon after a rain. If to be relied 

 upon without the use of liquid sprays they should be put on at the time of the 

 second and third applications given in the calendar, and should be repeated at 

 intervals of one week, or more frequently in rainy weather. As stated above, 

 the dust sprays seem of especial value against the codling moth, curculio and 

 the leaf-eating insects. "When the fungous diseases are not troublesome Paris 

 green can be used with lime, either dry or air slaked, for the insects that attack 

 the various fruits and vegetables. In addition to the codling moth, tent cater- 

 pillar and canker worm on the apple, and the curculio upon the plum, peach 

 and cherry, the slug on the pear and cherry, the currant worms upon the cur- 

 rant and gooseberry, potato beetles, cabbage worms and other leaf-eating insects 

 can be successfully combatted. 



The increased use of the dust sprays is advocated on account of the improve- 

 ments recently made in the machines for their application. Among those on 

 the market are several styles made by the Dust Spray Machine Co., Kansas City, 

 Mo., Haldeman Mfg. Co., Springfield, Mo, and Leggett & Bro., 301 Pearl Street, 

 N. Y. 



Several of these firms manufacture three sizes, viz.: a small size to be carried 

 in the hand, a larger size to be mounted upon a platform in a cart, or wagon, 

 and a "Jumbo" size to be worked by a gasoline engine. 



SODA BORDEAUX. 



Concentrated Lye 1 pound 



Lime 5 ounces 



Copper Sulphate 3 pounds 



Water 30 gallons 



Dissolve the copper sulphate and lye, and slake the lime in. two gallons of hot 

 water for each; mix the lime and copper sulphate solution and after adding the 

 lye solution dilute to 30 gallons. 



This is used upon the grape for the black rot and upon other fruits just before 

 they are ripe. 



COPPER SULPHATE SOLUTION. 



Copper Sulphate 1 pound 



Water 25 to 50 gallons 



For use before the buds open the above solution is fully as effectual as 

 Bordeaux mixture and is easier to prepare and apply, but it should not be applied 

 to any plant after the buds have opened. For use against the leaf curl of the 

 peach this solution is especially desirable. If used before the middle of April a 

 thorough application will entirely prevent the attack. 



WEAK COPPER SULPHATE SOLUTIOX. 



Copper Sulphate 1 pound 



Water 150 to 300 gallons 



A solution of copper sulphate of this strength can be used with safety upon 

 nearly all plants. The stronger solution can be used upon all fruit trees except 



