404 STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. 



amount of water when preparing it for spraying. For low plants Paris green 

 may be used in a powder form either alone or with one hundred times its weight 

 of plaster. London purple is sometimes used in place of Paris green, but it is 

 more apt to injure the foliage. Green arsenoid and arsenate of lead are valuable 

 substitutes for Paris green. 



■WHITE ARSENIC, 



As Paris green is quite expensive and is sometimes adulterated, white arsenic 

 is frequently used in its place. Its cost is about one-third that of Paris green, 

 and, as it is nearly twice as effective, the expense is only one-sixth as much as 

 when Paris green is used. To prepare arsenic for use the following treatment is 

 necessary: In two gallons of water place two pounds of freshly slaked lime 

 and one pound of arsenic; after boiling thirty to forty minutes the arsenic will 

 have dissolved and united with the lime, so as to form an insoluble compound. 

 When desired for use the arsenic should be diluted, and one pound prepared as 

 above will suffice for two to three hundred gallons when used upon fruit trees, 

 or one hundred fifty gallons for spraying potatoes. That there may be no injury 

 to the foliage, it is desirable to use the arsenic thus prepared either with 

 Bordeaux mixture or lime water. When lime water is used, one pound of lime 

 will be sufficient for twenty gallons of water. Although the spraying calendar 

 does not refer to arsenic, it can be substituted for Paris green if desired. 



LIME, SITLPIIUK AND SALT MIXTURE. 



Lime (unslaked) 25 pounds 



Flowers of Sulphur 15 pounds 



Salt 8 pounds 



Water 50 gallons 



The best results are secured if this mixture is cooked from 1% to 2 hours. 

 This can be done in a kettle but it will be much easier if steam can be secured. 

 For small quantities place ten or fifteen gallons of water in an iron kettle holding 

 at least twice that quantity; when it boils add the lime and then put in the 

 sulphur. This should either be sifted in slowly or made into a thin paste and 

 poured in, stirring the mixture at the same time. If likely to boil over add more 

 water. The stirring should be kept up until the lime is all slaked and the sulphur 

 has been added, then boil for at least one hour and then add the salt, and continue 

 the boiling for fifteen minutes. This mixture should only be used while the 

 trees are dormant. 



Large amounts should be prepared in the same way but steam should be used 

 for the cooking if possible. 



If the spraying has to be done after the buds start, the salt should be omitted 

 and four pounds of sulphate of copper should be used in its place. 



The labor of preparing the mixture can be lessened and fairly good results 

 secured without cooking the sulphur and lime. The sulphur and lime should be 

 prepared as directed above, but omit the cooking and add four pounds of 

 caustic soda instead of the eight pounds of salt. Stir the mixture briskly, while 

 adding the sulphur and the soda. 



When ready for use dilute to fifty gallons with warm water. 



HELLEBORE. 



Fresh White Hellebore 1 ounce 



Water 5 gallons 



For insects that chew, and especially for the currant and cabbage worms. 



PYRETIIRUM OR BUHACH. 



Pure fresh Pyrethrum 1 ounce 



Water 5 gallons 



Valuable against both chewing and sucking insects, especially upon maturing 

 fruits or vegetables, and upon flowering plants. It can also be applied in a 

 powder form with a bellows. 



