EXPERIMENT STATION BULLETINS. 461 



brought this influence down to the products of micro-organism B. 



This worlv has a direct bearing upon the pure milk supply, because as soon 

 as these micro-organisms possessing the nature of micro-organism B are al- 

 lowed to grow in milk during the first hours after milking there is always 

 that possibility of products forming which may be obnoxious and which may 

 hasten the souring of the milk. This work also has jts bearing upon the use 

 of starters because we are able to show, and shall show in a future article, 

 that the products of micro-organism B are stable and cannot be supplanted 

 by any starter. Butter made from cream so treated will show a diminution 

 of the products of culture B in proportion to the amount of acid starter em- 

 ployed in covering up its products. The persistency of the products of microi- 

 organism B also indicates that there is but one way to secure absolute results 

 in milk products: this consists in establishing as cleanly conditions as pos- 

 sible and at the same time cooling the milk down to that degree which will 

 retard the development of these obnoxious micro-organisms. Other results are 

 becoming more apparent as we proceed with this work but at this time we feel 

 It desirable to limit ourselves to these statements. 



REPORT OF SOUTH HAVEN SUB-STATION FOR 1904. 



BY T. A. FAKKAT^D. 



[Special Bulletin No. 30.] 



Pbo'f. L. R. Taft, Horticulturist. 



Sir: — The following report upon the work of the South Haven Sub-Station, 

 for the year 1904, is herewith submitted: 



The past winter was one of exceptional severity and length, and a number 

 of peach trees were lost from root freezing. The damage was greatest among 

 the older trees that had not recovered from the cold winter of 1898-1899. The 

 trees leaved out, bloomed full, and the fruit set, but within a few days, upon 

 those worse affected the foliage dried up and upon examination, they were found 

 to be dead. Others that did not show it at first, died during the season. While 

 the loss v/as small in the four-year old block, there are many trees that will 

 never recover. No other kinds of fruits suffered apparent damage. 



The older plantations of raspberries and blackberries were getting too old 

 to give good results, and were taken out, and a new planting of peaches was 

 started on this ground. A new raspberry and blackberry plantation was started 

 where the old peach trees had stood. In both instances the ground was covered 

 with manure and plowed under. The raspberry and blackberry plants made a 

 fine growth, and most of the peach trees did well. 



All kinds of fruits bloomed full, and the crop of apples, pears and plums 

 was exceptionally good, considering the heavy crops of 1903. Grapes were a 

 heavy crop; peaches and cherries light, with good crops of currants, goose- 

 berries, raspberries and strawberries, although the yield of the strawberries 

 and raspberries was shortened considerably by the severe drouth which came in 

 the latter part of May and lasted until August. With the long continued dry 

 spell, and the crowded condition of. the ti'ees on the Station grounds, very 

 frequent and shallow cultivation was necessary to save the trees and fruit 

 from damage. 



The results in spraying for fungi and destructive insects were generally good. 

 The second brood of codling moth did more damage than in former years. 

 With the heavy crop of fruit, and crowded condition of the trees, it was im- 

 possible to do the work thoroughly, and many trees did not receive the last 

 spraying which has usually been given about the 25th of July. However, some 



