EXPERIMENT STATION BULLETINS. 473 



mixture No. 4 (air-slaked lime and Paris green), gave apparently as good 

 results as seven applications of the other mixtures were used, except that the 

 latter trees held their foliage better towards the end of the season and showed 

 a smaller number of rotten fruits. In all of the tests, the trees were sprayed 

 before blossoms opened and where the dust preparations were used, twice 

 within a week after blossoms had fallen. All of the trees showed some wormy 

 fruits but in no case was the crop seriously Injured. 



Liquid Bordeaux mixture (4-5-50) proved superior to any form of dust spray 

 for holding the foliage upon the trees, while dust spray mixture No. 1, gave 

 better results than the others. 



Little difference could be seen in the amount of rot, between liquid and 

 dust mixtures, except that mixture No. 4 seemed least effectual. Brown rot 

 made its appearance in all of the plots late in the season but no serious harm 

 was done. 



For spraying late for brown rot, as the fruit began to ripen, soda Bordeaux 

 was substituted in the place of a week copper sulphate solution as used in for- 

 mer years. It was used full strength (concentrated lye one pound, lime 5 ounces, 

 copper sulphate 3 pounds, water 30 gallons) upon all kinds of fruit trees to 

 note if it was injurious to the foliage. No injury was noticed on apple, pear, 

 cherry, grape or European plum, but it burned holes in the leaves of the peach 

 and Japan plum, for which it should be reduced to one-half the above strength 

 and growers should be cautious in using it full strength upon anything except 

 the grape. It is an excellent fungicide and valuable as a spray for fruits when 

 ripening. 



The dust sprays had very little effect upon the green aphis that works upon 

 the young shoots of the apple and plum, which were numerous again this sea- 

 son. Tobacco water and kerosene emulsion were tried on a number of the 

 trees with practically the same results as when spraying for the black aphis 

 on cherry. 



New Varieties. 



Clyman: — One of the earliest of the European kinds to ripen. Of medium 

 size, reddish purple and good quality. As yet only moderately productive. 



Climax — A new plum of the Japanese type, orginated by Luther Burbank 

 of California, and a very promising variety. Four-year-old trees matured a 

 number of very large specimens. The fruit was bright red with yellow flesh 

 and is of fine quality. An undesirable point was noted which, should it prove 

 characteristic of this variety, would greatly lessen its value. It Is a very 

 firm-fleshed variety and many of the finest specimens cracked as they were 

 ripening. Season with Abundance. 



Muscat Free (prune) : — This variety is very similar to Fellenberg, in both 

 growth of tree and fruit, except that it ripens ten days later and is less sweet. 

 Trees are slow, dwarfish growers, and lack productiveness as yet. 



Splendor (prune): — Lacks productiveness as yet. Fruit long, tapering at 

 both ends. Color dark purple with blue bloom. Flesh greenish yellow, moder- 

 ately juicy, with a sweet, rich flavor. 



Gold: — A native type, received in scion from Stark Brothers, in 1895, has 

 borne a few specimens for two seasons. In habit, branches are slender, droop- 

 ing; foliage and blossoms small. Fruit small to medium, round: yellow 

 shaded with red on exposed side; flesh yellow, flrm and juicy; sweet not rich; 

 quality fair. Cling-s!tone. Ripe September 2nd. Often cracks open before 

 ripe. Not promising in this section. 



Chabot (Japanese) : — Received in 1898. Tree an upright, thrifty grower; 

 fruit medium to large; roundish, tapering to apex: yellow, shaded with red; 

 flesh yellow, flrm juicy, with a sweet, rich flavor. Ripe September 10. Cling. 



Csaszar Syilva: — Received from Division of Pomology, U. S. Department of 

 Agriculture. Fruit medium to large; dark purple; roundish ovate, compressed; 

 flesh tender, juicy, greenish-yellow; flavor mild, vinous; quality fair. Ripe 

 September 10th. Not productive as yet. Cling-stone. 



Odell: — Received in 1896. Identical with Lombard as grown here. 



Simpson: — Received in 1896 Matured a few specimens this season. Fruit 

 small to medium; roundish-oblong; color, clear yellow: flesh yellow, tender, 

 juicy; sweet, quality very good. Cling. Ripe August 30th. 



The following older varieties have given best results for home and market 

 purposes. 



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