480 STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. 



applications of kerosene emulsion completely checked them. It has done much 

 harm in other orchards in the vicinity. It is a small, yellow, sucking insect 

 and was noted here June 20th on the imder sides of the leaves and on the 

 branches at the base of the leaf-stems. If neglected, they will almost defoliate 

 the tree, sucking the sap of the leaves, causing them to turn brown and fall off, 

 prematurely stopping the growth of tree and fruit, which will be dark and 

 sticky from the honey dew secreted by the insects. 



The first application of emulsion consisted of one pound of soap, one gallon 

 of oil and 14 gallons of water, Avith five ounces of pyrethrum powder; the second 

 application given three weeks later, was made stronger, using one pound of soap, 

 and one gallon of oil to 10 gallons of water with the same amount of insect 

 powder. A slight burning of the edges of the leaves was noted upon a few of 

 the trees, but the injury was not serious. 



Spraying. 



Most of the trees received three applications of Bordeaux mixture and arsenite 

 of lime. The remainder of the trees were in a block of apples where the 

 different mixtures of dust spray were used in comparison with liquid Bordeaux 

 mixture. The only difference noticed between the dust and liquid sprays for 

 pears, was that the dust mixtures failed to control pear leaf-blight and scab. 



Commercial Varieties. 



Giffard. Clapp, Favorite, Bartlett, Flemish, Souvenir, Howell. Ancouleme. 

 Seckel. Dana Hovey, and Kieffer have done best. Bosc. Anjou and Sheldon are 

 slow in coming into bearing, the former variety proving the most productive up 

 to date. Lawrence. .Drouard and Winter Nelis are late-ripening kinds of some 

 merit. 



Summer Doyenne and Elizabeth are two valuable varieties for the home .gar- 

 den and in a small way for market, selling well in small packages for dessert 

 purposes. Summer Doyenne is a small pear of good quality, and the earliest 

 ripening on trial. 



Giffard and Wilder ripen together but the latter lacks the productiveness and 

 good ouality of the former, although more attractive in apnear-ance. 



Clapp's Favorite ripens about a week later than Giffard, is of large size, fine 

 appearance and very productive, but blights badly. 



Flemish scabs badly but, when this is controlled, its large size, good quality 

 and productiveness makes it a valuable market sort. 



Souvenir is of the largest size, and is proving very productive. Resembles 

 Bartlett in color and flavor but is larger and has a broad apex. 



Howell is early and productive, but of only fair quality. Its smooth, clear 

 yellow skin gives it a fine appearance. 



Seckel and Dana Hovey. are the finest in quality and bring the highest market 

 price. They should be in every commercial orchard, and in gardens where 

 pears can be grown. 



Kieffer as a rule is quite free from blight and as it bears early and abun- 

 dantly and comes at a se3son w^ien it can be held for some time, it is very 

 popular for market. It is quite inferior in quality, however. 



New Varieties. • 



t 



Conference: — Tree rather a slow grower: fruit medium to large: pyriform: 

 color greenish-yellow, nearly covered with blotches of russet; flesh tinged with 

 pink, tender, melting, very juicy; flavor sweet, rich. Quality very good. Season 

 early October. 



Drouard: — The trees are moderately vigorous growers and slow in coming into 

 bearinq:. Fruit large, obovate, obtuse-pyriform; color. ,g"eenish-yellow, sprinkled 

 with many russet dots; skin tough; flesh yellowish-white, rather coarse, granular, 

 very juicy, melting, with a sweet, vinous, perfumed flavor. Quality good. 

 Season December to February. The most prom.ising winter pear on trial. 



Florida Bartlett — Buds received from Star Bros, in 1900. Bark, foliage and 

 fruit resembles Kieffer. Trees strong .crowin?^; fruit larae, roundish-oval, 

 tapering at both ends; color clear yellow, with dark brown dots; flesh greenish, 

 firm, jtiicy, half-breaking cranuiar: flavor, mild, almost sweet, perfumed. 

 Quality fair. Season December and January. 



