EXPERIMENT STATION BULLETINS. 509 



the root, the root system and the top of the tree being in a healthy condition. 

 Whether the trouble is due to improper grafting or to some local soil condition 

 has not been definitely settled at this time. The American varieties of plums 

 were heavily loaded with fruit which remained in a partially ripened condition 

 from the latter part of August until damaged by September frosts. Shrop Damson 

 is the only variety which ripened well though the trees were last in blossoming 

 and had been damaged by sun scald during the preceding winter. 



Most of the varieties of grapes made a growth of six to eight feet, and five 

 varieties were in bearing. The fruit was well colored toward the end of August, 

 but owing to cold and wet weather failed to ripen properly. Six varieties of 

 apples blossomed for the first time but failed to ripen the fruit, the few apples 

 being blown off by wind storms when about three-quarters full grown. These 

 are: Aitken's Striped, blossomed June 7; Gideon No. 29, Blossomed .Tune 9, Pat- 

 ten's Fanieuse, blossomed June 9; Longflehl, blossomed June 8; Tetofsky, blos- 

 somed June 10 and Whitney (crab) blossomed June 7. 



The seven varieties which ripened fruit are Haas, Borowinka. Gideon, Hibernal, 

 Patten Greening, Yelloio Transparent and Duchess. A considerable percentage of 

 the fruit buds of the first three varieties were winter killed. Some of those of 

 the other varieties were too weak and failed to set fruit. The description of 

 these varieties follows: Haas — blossomed June 6, sometimes called Fall Queen. 

 A seedling from Missouri. Very strong, upright growing tree. Fruit medium 

 size, roundish oblate, conical, skin thick, tough, yellow overlaid with crimson 

 splashings and stripes, dots few, white, minute and obscure. Basin narrow and 

 abrupt. Stem short and stout. Cavity acute and russeted. Flesh white, some- 

 times stained red near skin, juicy, subacid and of fair quality. A late fall apple. 

 Borowinka blossomed June 11. Of Russian origin. Tree very short and round 

 headed. Fruit medium size, roundish, truncated. Skin greenish yellow covered 

 with crimson stripes and splashes mixed and marbled on sunny side and over- 

 lain with whitish net veining. Dots obscure, few, white. Basin abrupt. Stem 

 medium and stout. Cavity deep, wide, slightly russeted. Flesh white, juicy, 

 sprightly acid and of good quality. Season late fall. Gideon, blossomed June 1. 

 As grown here the variety is not the Gideon and was not fully identified. The 

 tree is stout and very spreading. Fruit very small, roundish oblate, conical. Skin 

 yellowish white, mostly overlaid with crimson splashes and stripes washed when 

 fully exposed to sun. Dots minute, few, obscure. Basin abrupt, slightly wrinkled. 

 Stem medium and slender, cavity acute, wide, regular. P"'lesh white, subacid, 

 juicy and of good quality. Season early fall. 



Hibernal, blossomed June 4. Of Russian origin. Sometimes called Yellow 

 Arcadian. Tree vigorous and very spreading. Fruit large, roundish oblate, 

 conical. Skin greenish yellow, bronzed with red and crimson splashes where 

 exposed to the sun. Dots obscure, minute, white, sometimes russet. Basin nar- 

 row, wrinkled, shallow. Stem short and stout. Cavity deep, regular, russeted. 

 Flesh white, acid, juicy, slightly astringent and of good quality for cooking 

 purpose. A fall variety and one of the hardiest trees on trial. 



Patten Greening. Blossomed June 6. A seedling from Iowa. .Tree vigorous 

 with spreading top. Fruit large, roundish oblate, irregular, slightly angular. 

 Skin yellowish green with bronze blush. Dots minute, white, and surrounded 

 with green or shaded side. Basin broad, abrupt, slightly corrugated. Stem very 

 short and stout. Cavity acute, wide, russeted. Flesh white, juicy, subacid and 

 very good quality. An early winter variety and tree very hardy. 



Yellow Transparent. Blossomed June 6. Of Russian origin. Tree stout, up- 

 right, with round top. Fruit large, roundish conical, slightly angular. Skin 

 yellowish white, smooth, transparent, dots, large, white, obscure, basin shallow, 

 narrow, corrugated. Stem medium and stout. Cavity obtuse, wide, russeted. 

 Flesh white, juicy, tender, sprightly subacid and of excellent quality. A late 

 summer variety. 



Duchess. Blossomed June 7. Usually called Duchess of Oldenburg. Of Rus- 

 sian origin. Tree vigorous with spreading top. Fruit large, roundish oblate, 

 regular. Skin greenish yellow, almost wholly covered with stripes and splashes 

 of crimson, mixed on sunny side. Dots minute, white and numerous. Basin 

 abrupt, broad and regular. Stem short to medium, slender. Cavity deep, acute, 

 russeted. Flesh white, juicy, sprightly acid and very good quality. A fall variety. 



