378 Fr. J. Mathiesen. 



128; Norman, 1895, p. 452; Kerner, 1898, p. 350; Knuth, 1899, p. 

 171; Cleve, 1901, pp. 12, 16, 25, 40, 57 and 89; Eastwood, 1902, 

 p. 292; Porsild, 1902, pp. 119, 181 and 209; 1910, p. 267; 1920, 

 p. 140; Kruuse, 1905, p. 175; 1906, p. 248; 1911, in part IV pp. 

 196, 202, 229, 230, 242, 247, 255, 261, 262, besides many notes in 

 the preceding parts; Sylvén, 1906, p. 80; Huchedé, 1907, p. 73, fig. 

 IV, A^ fig. VI, Cl; Schroter, 1908, pp. 221, 226, 468 and 493; Th. 

 Resvoll, 1917, p. 208. 



Nanophyllous sympodial chamæphyte with primary root 

 which dies away early (Sylvén), and abundant development 

 of adventitious roots from the stem-bases, this in conjunction 

 with the faet that the older shoots gradually die away, de- 

 termines the vegetative reproduction, enabling the piants 

 to form lax, but large tufts (Kruuse, 1906, p. 248). The 

 winter-buds either rest upon, or are slightly raised above, 

 the surface of the ground. 



The Shoot-development has been described by Th. 

 Resvoll; it is a process of two years duration, as in the 

 foregoing species; the first-year's part of the shoots is either 

 erect or obliquely ascending or quite horizontal, as in Th. 

 Resvoll's Figs. 60 and 61; most often only 1 — 2 cm long and 

 bearing a few small leaves. The next year the gro^^'th of the 

 shoot is continued in a vertical direction, while essentially 

 larger leaves are being formed; the shoot is frequently ter- 

 minated by an inflorescence ; the flowers are already formed 

 during the autiimn of the first year (1. c). Special bud- 

 scales do not occur, the end of the axis is only pro- 

 tected by the iippermost pair of leaves. After the fruit has 

 ripened, the axis dies away to slightly above the "innova- 

 tion-buds"; the latter occur, however, often rather far down 

 on the shoots, even in the axils of the very first pair of 

 leaves, w^hich causes the branches of the sympodia to be- 

 come very short, and the stems crowded. 



Of the two shoots in the axils of two opposite leaves, 

 the one may be far more vigorously developed than the 



