Scrophulariaceae. 379 



other; this is no doubt usually the case, and then it appears 

 to be the shoot which is turned towards the periphery of 

 the tuft which becomes the more vigorous and floriferous. 

 When the plant grows in damp moss, the internodes of the 

 horizontal, first-year portions of the shoots — as mentioned 

 by Th. Resvoll, and as I myself had an opportunity of 

 verifying in the mountains of Norway — may become elon- 

 gated, so that the shoots become almost runner-hke ; in this 

 case the plant is capable of spreading considerably. 



The longevity of the branches of the sympodium is 

 greatly restricted ; a gro\\lh in thickness of the axial organs, 

 continuous for years as in V. fruticans, does not take place. 



Adventitious Roots are developed in the second 

 growth-period of the shoots, they arise in the neighbourhood 

 of the nodes. The foliage-leaves are either entire or slightly ser- 

 rate; I am not prepared to say whether the leaves occurring 

 at the base of the shoots remain green throughout the winter, 

 in the following summer they are at any rate ahvays found 

 in a withered condition. 



The Flower. H. Mijller, Lindman, E. Warming and 

 Kerner have in the works cited above described the structure 

 and biology of the flower, which according to these authors 

 agree in the Alps, Scandinavia and Greenland, nor have I 

 been able to lind any differing features. 'The small, dark blue 

 flowers are at first only 2.5 — 3 mm in diameter, but may 

 ultimately become o — 5.5 mm. They are protogynous-homo- 

 gamous, and appear to be well-adapted to self-poUination. 

 While the corolla is still almost tubular or funnel-shaped 

 and consequently only slightly open, the anthers may be 

 open and lie close to the stigma, which may be seen to be 

 covered with pollen-grains, many of which are germinating. 

 Afterwards the anthers are slightly removed from the stigma 

 by the fdaments bending backwards, but not so decidedly 



