400 Fr. J. Mathiesen. 



ausgesetzten alpinen Standorten — bis sehr gross, grob und 

 veråstelt mit sehr grossen und breiten, grobgezåhnten Blåt- 

 tern, die bis tiber 2 cm lang und ebenso breit werden" (Jor- 

 gensen). Similar variations were found in the Greenland 

 material. From the above-said it follows that the individuals 

 generally agree in habit with the growth-type indicated by 

 Wettstein as "fruhbliitige Form" (1. c. Fig. 1, p. 44); the 

 comparatively short period of vegetation with which the 

 individual may be compelled to be satisfied, in consequence 

 of the geographical distribution of the species, makes, as 

 JoRGENSEN (1. C. p. 104) remarks, this growth-type necessary 

 in Arctic regions. 



The flower-morphology and -biology of the Euphrasia 

 spp. have been described so often that I can here confme 

 myself to the following remarks: E. arctica belongs decidedly 

 to the small-flowered forms; in no case did I fmd the corolla 

 to be more than 7 mm in length, more frequently it was 

 shorter. The flowers are protogynous, and in the recently 

 expanded flower, the stigma generally stands somewhat in 

 front of the anthers, afterwards the style curves downwards 

 and backwards, so that the stigma is brought into close 

 contact with the anthers which are now quite open (War- 

 MiNG, 1890). Sometimes, however, the stigma, even at the 

 time when the flower is expanding, is so near to the anthers, 

 that self-pollination must be able to take place easily; I even 

 found pollen on the stigma of a not yet expanded flower. 



Warming (1890, p. 227) mentions that a length-incre- 

 ment of the corolla-tube can take place — as in larger- 

 flowered species — , by which the anthers are carried forward 

 and approach the stigma; in some few of the flowers I did 

 fmd the stigma protruding so far that a movement of this 

 kind may very probably be of importance. 



Geographical Distribution according to Jorgensen : 



