426 Fr. J. Mathiesen. 



and Hartz (1895 (I), p. 271) writes, that P. lapponica and 

 Viscaria filled the air with perfume (East Greenland, 7. 7. 92). 



Pollination takes place by the ageney of hiimble-bees, 

 which, according to Lindman, alight on the upwardly turned, 

 left side of the lower lip; the stigma is consequently, by 

 the torsion described above, turned towards the visitor. Ac- 

 cording to the same author, the hiimble-bee thrusts its pro- 

 boscis into the flower, at the widest part of the slit of the 

 upper hp, at aboiit the middle of it, just above the revolute 

 portion of the edge of the upper hp, but not into the narrow 

 groove between the two convexities of the lower lip. 



Several of the specimens from West Greenland had one- 

 year-old fruits, from East Greenland I saw fruit-bearing 

 specimens from Danmarks (N. Hartz leg.). 



According to Porsild {in litt.) visits of humble-bees are 

 rare, and fruit-setting (in contradistinction to the other Pedi- 

 cularis spp.) is generally not good; many of the capsules are 

 empty, and in others only a few seeds are found. Ekstam's 

 observations from Nova Zembla agree with those of Porsild. 



A description and beautiful illustration (PL III, Fig. 16) 

 of the seed is found in Lange, 1870. 



P. Lapponica is a decidedly middle-summer-flowering 

 species. 



Geographical Distribution: Greenland, Arctic Ame- 

 rica, Labrador, Kamschatka, Arctic Siberia, Nova Zembla, 

 Arctic Russia, Scandinavia and Lapland. Rosenvinge (1892) 

 records, that in West Greenland it is rather common north 

 of 64° N. lat., but very rare south of this. "The northern 

 limit in West Greenland is still unknown, in the fjords at 

 72°23' it was so commonly distributed that the northern 

 limit hardly can be here" (Porsild, 1920). In East Green- 

 land the species is only found between 69° 25' and 73°10' 

 N. lat. (Kruuse, 1905, p. 175). 



