484 Fr. J. Mathiesen. 



through the winter, the young leaf-organs developed, into a 

 rosette of foHage-leaves, few in number, . . . even early in 

 the summer the development of fohage-leaves stopped, in- 

 stead of which the apex of the stem developed a terminal 

 bud covered with scales. In this manner the plant continues 

 through several years. The leaves, which are exceedingly 

 small in the first summer, having blades only about 1 cm 

 long, become larger every summer, and the number of the 

 leaves also increases with the age of the leaf-rosette. The 

 last summer before the plant flowers I have seen 4 — 8 foliage- 

 leaves." 



The shortest first-vegetative-stage observed by the 

 author in question, extended over 3 summers, in other 

 individuals it proved to have extended over as many as 6 

 summers; in one individual (from Nova Zembla) I found 3 

 vegetative years, another showed 7. As the leaves fall off, 

 leaving a regular leaf-scar (as already described by E. War- 

 MiNG (1890, pp. 207 and 209) both for this species and for 

 Pedicularis paliistris) and the broader and more distantly- 

 placed scars of the foliage-leaves can be easily distinguished 

 from the narrower and more closely-placed scars of the 

 scale-leaves, the individual year-growl^hs of the mesocorme 

 become very marked and easily observable (Th. Resvoll). 



"It is characteristic of this plant, that the development 

 takes place, so to speak, suddenly, as long as the plant is in 

 the rosette-stage. Thus all the leaves come out almost at once, 

 and not one by one during the summer; and as soon as the 

 rosette has unfolded, the bud for the next summer is already 

 seen in the middle of it. The same is also the case as regards 

 the rosette-stage of the lateral shoots," (Th. Resvoll). 



Even in the bud, the rudiments of the organs which 

 are to expand during the next summer, attain a high degree 

 of development. In an individual which Th. Resvoll in- 



