406 



STATE BOARD OP AGRICULTURE. 



A pink spray. — should be ap- 

 plied to all varieties of apples as 

 soon as tlie blossom-buds separate 

 in the cluster, to prevent scab and 

 other diseases and to kill canker- 

 worm, bud-moth and other pests. 

 Use the same materials in the 

 same proportions, as in the prev- 

 ious spray with on-e to one and 

 tjne-half pounds of arsenate of 

 lead powder, adding i/o pint of 

 40 per cent nicotine-sulphate 

 solution to each 50 gallons when 

 plant-lice or red-bug are believed 

 to be present. 



Fig. 2. Cluster buds at the "pink" stage. 

 This shows the stage of bud development 

 at which the "pink" spray should be 

 applied. 



A calyx spray,— should be applied after tlie blossoms fall and before 

 the calyces close, using lime-sulphur solution with arsenate of lead as 

 in the previous sprays, to which 40 per cent nicotine-sulphate may be 

 added if plant-lice or red-bug still persist. This is an important spray 

 for the control of the codling-moth as well as for scab and other troubles. 

 The use of bordeaux-mixture is not advised at this time. 



^ Two weeks after the calyx spray, — another application should be made 

 using lime-sulphur solution with arsenate of lead as before. 



Some growers apply another spray the same as the above, but using 

 either bordeaux or lime-sulphur* with the arsenate of lead about the first 

 of July. This undoubtedly helps considerably in the control of scab in 

 moist seasons and of codling-moth at all times. 



The young of the second generation of codling-moth commence to 

 enter the fruit during the latter part of July or early in August, the 

 exact time varying considerably with the season. To care for the larvae 

 of this second generation one may apjjly a spray of dilute lime-sulphur 

 or bordeaux and arsenate of lead during the first week of August or 

 better still two sprays, one the latter part of July and the other dur- 

 ing the second week of August; or one may apply such a spray on the 

 date determined by the emergence of the adult winged moths of the first 

 generation. To determine this date one must cage a quantity of the first 

 wormy apples in early June or late May and watch for the moths, allow- 

 ing one week after the moths emerge in numbers for the eggs to be laid 

 and the larvae to commence operations. The Department of Ento- 

 mology has been attempting for several years to maintain cages at ob- 

 serving stations in various i)arts of the State and to set the date for 

 this spray for each county annually, through the agency of the county 

 agricultural agents. From the very nature of the case the date can not 

 be set until very close to the time of spraying because it is determined 

 by the emergence of the adult moths. 



The lesser apple-worm, — works more superficially than the codling- 



