416 STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. 



harvesting as an infection period for leaf-spot may come any time during 

 the remainder of the growing season if weatlier conditions are favorable. 



Large Black Lice, — may appear on the leaves at any time. A spray of 

 nicotine sulphate — one pint to one hundred gallons of water with 3 or 

 4 pounds of soap will destroy them. 



Cherry Fruit-Fly. Two sorts of small white maggots are often found 

 in ripening cherries. These footless maggots are the larvae of cherry 

 fruit-flies. The only waj^ to successfully combat these fruit-flies is to 

 lightly spray or sprinkle the trees with arsenate of lead when the flies 

 are preparing to lay their eggs in the immature fruit in early June. 

 Use a mixture containing 2 pounds of the powder to 100 gallons of 

 water. 



Grapes. 



Grape vines are seldom attacked by scale insects, therefore there is 

 seldom need of a dormant spray of lime-sulphur. Dilute lime-sulphur 

 should not be used for summer spraying of grapes. Bordeaux is the 

 standard spray for fungous troubles combined with arsenate of lead 

 to control chewing insects. 



Summer Spray. Black-rot is a most common and serious disease 'while 

 downy-mildew is sometimes very destructive. These diseases and others 

 may be controlled by spraying as follows : 



When the shoots are eight to ten inches long, — spray with bordeaux- 

 mixture for black-rot and downy-mildew. 



Just before blossoming, — spray again with bordeaux-mixture for black- 

 rot and downy-mildew, and to every 50 gallons of bordeaux add one 

 qnart of Kedzie mixture or 1 to li^ pounds of arsenate of lead ])Owder 

 to poison the grape berrj^-moth and the rose-chafer. If the latter is serious, 

 the amount of arsenate of lead powder may be increased to as much as 

 2Y2 pounds to 50 gallons. A pint of the cheapest molasses added may 

 help. 



Just as the blossoms are falling, — make another spraying like the above. 

 From ten days to tico weeks later, another application may be desir- 

 able if weather conditions are favorable for the development of rot and 

 mildew, or if the grape-berry moth persists, using the same materials 

 as with the previous spray. If late applications are thought to be 

 necessary, some material should be used that will not stain the fruit, 

 such as weak copper-snlphate solution. (See page 42:^».) 



There are several grape insects that are found only in occasional 

 vineyards, and then not every year. The grower should keep a sharp 

 watch of his vines for them, and if found, take prompt measures to 

 destroy them. (If not familiar with their appearance send specimens 

 to the Entomologist, East Lansing, Michigan.) 



Those most likely to be found are the following: 



Flea-beetles, — may appear at any time, but are most likely to come 

 as the buds open in early spring. Spray with bordeaux-mixture and a 

 strong poison, one quart of Kedzie mixture, or li/o pounds of arsenate 

 of lead powder, to every 50 gallons of the bordeaux, if early in the spring. 

 Later use less poison. 



In vineyards where the grape-herry moth is present, apply bordeaux 

 (4-4-50 to which add Kedzie mixture, one quart to 50 gallons* or II/2 



*See directions for preparing insecticides, page 431. 



