542 



STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. 



at all times. Feed pails must be kept clean, as sour or dirty milk is 

 apt to cause indigestion. 



Dry bedding and moderate feeding will aid greatly in taking the 

 calf through the sensitive stage to where it is more resistant to dis- 

 ease. Calves take largely a liquid diet and consequently void compara- 

 tively large amounts of water and wet bedding causes more calves to 

 scour than any other one thing, on the average farm. 



Weakened vitality in many herds is often caused by dark, unventi- 

 lated barns. Parasites, such as cattle lice, often do considerable dam- 



^aHAt . 



■** £'•»'* 



Fig. 29. Feeder steers making beef in Chippewa County. A view of the country between 



Sault Ste. Marie and Rudyard. 



age. Where lice are present, the animals should be washed with a solu- 

 tion of coal tar dip or kerosene emulsion every two weeks. There are 

 many preparations on the market for this purpose. 



Milk fever is a disease often encountered at freshening time. In 

 such cases fill the udder with air, by means of an air pump, forcing 

 the air through sterilized cotton. A half pound of salts, dissolved in 

 warm water, given as a laxative, will give relief. While the cow is un- 

 conscious, or partially so, she cannot swallow because of partial or 

 complete paralysis of the throat and medicine should not be given by 

 way of the mouth as some of it is apt to get into the lungs. Most cases 

 of pneumonia, following milk fever, are caused by attempts to give 

 medicine in this way. Where possible call a' veterinarian. 



Caked udder may be relieved by giving a laxative, massaging the 

 afifected parts and applying hot cloths. Stop feeding grain. 



BEEF CATTLE. 



Certain areas of the Upper Peninsula are well adapted to beef cattle 

 raising. The census for 1920 gives the number of beef cattle in this 

 section as 7,346, with a valuation of |321,437.00. 



The abundance of pasture and cheap grazing lands favor beef pro- 



