SUMMER MEETING AT ORE(;(JN. 141 



convinced the Society beyond doubt, that the present out-look was most 

 flattering. He also strongly advocated 'young orchards." 



The inhuman and outrageous destruction of birds was discussed at 

 length, and the killing of birds was condemned in unmeasured terms. 



Mr. LaugJilin said, as long as the songsters were doing their part 

 toward destroying the insects, the birds were welcome to what cherries 

 and grapes they could eat. He spoke of the mistakes made by some 

 states in offering rewards for the killing of the owl and hawks. He re- 

 garded them as great destroyers of the fruit-grower's enemies. The only 

 bird that should be exterminated he thought was the English Sparrow. 

 It was thought by many that our State should offer a reward for the 

 heads of these pests, similar to that offered by the states of New Jersey 

 and Michigan^ — two cents per head. When it was announced that the 

 city of Oregon was doing her part in this matter by paying five cents per 

 head for English sparrows, it brought out an enthusiastic applause. 



Mayor Bell, of Boonville, proposed to do his part in inducing his city 

 to follow suit. 



Messrs. Patterson, Durand, Bell, King, Durkes and others spoke on 

 the subject. 



At the request of many of the delegates present Mr. Bell gave an in- 

 teresting talk on shipping and packing of apples. It was one of the most 

 profitable "chats" of the session. There is but little money in the ship- 

 ping of early fruits; apples should be barreled ; get barrels as nearly air 

 tight as possible. Cold storage cars were the best, and were badly 

 needed in this state. Ventilated boxes or packages should be used for 

 early shipments. Pack carefully ; don't use deception by makinjfagood 

 show at eacii end of package — this is dishonest and you will be caught 

 sooner or later, then, like lago, "your occupation is gone." For fall and 

 winter shipping use air tight barrels, if possible, standard size — three 

 bushels to the barrel, they are the cheapest, the freight is no more. 

 Handling : Use a basket with handles, put on a small go-cart and go 

 to the tree and pick your fruit, not shake ; don't pile in the orchard ; 

 haul to your fruit house, a dry place under cover ; the best building is 

 of stone or brick ; too much light only injures — air tight places the best ; 

 lay in the barrel closely, and shake down slightly occasionally as yow 

 pack ; fill the barrel one to one and one-half inches about the chime, this 

 is all the pressure that is necessary, the former for Winesaps and Roman- 

 ites, the latter for Ben Davis ; heavy lever pressure is a mistake, it only 

 injures and bruises the apple ; don't cut holes in the barrels — this in • 

 jures the fruit by the rapid changes of weather in transportation ; what- 

 ever you do be honest — mark them honestly — if small say so ; if they 



