404 MISSOUKI STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



ing branches, and for that they are long remembered. For many years 

 the tree remained in the suburbs of Philadelphia under which Wm. 

 Penn effected a treaty with the Indians in 1G82, by which they relin- 

 quished their right in Pennsylvania. In 1827, a stone monument was 

 erected where this tree had stood. 



In 1687, Sir Edmond Andros, Governor of New England and New 

 York, came to Hartford by order of King James 2d of England, to de- 

 mand the Colonial Charter. He did not succeed; it was hidden in a 

 hollow oak and was thus preserved. That tree was ever after known 

 as the Charter Oak. In 185G, it was blown down during a storm. 



Certain forests are also historic, as Ettrick Forest, Windsor For- 

 est, New Forest, Forest of Dean — all in Great Britain. 



New Forest contains over 92,000 acres, and it is of historic im- 

 portance, for there William Eufus, son of William the Conquerer, was 

 shot with an arrow and killed. The other English forests above named 

 also include extensive areas. But they are not altogether dense for- 

 ests. They have roads, villages and manufactories within their limits, 

 and the Forest of Dean includes one of the most valuable coal fields of 

 Great Britain, with a population of over 8,000 coal miners. In Wind- 

 sor Forest there are several historical trees, as "Elizabeth's Oak," 

 "Shakespeare's Oak" and "Hearne's Oak." 



The first trees planted for timber in England were planted during 

 Elizabeth's reign in Windsor Forest. There are also trees in that for- 

 est said to be more than 1,000 years old. 



The Black Forest (schwartzwold) of Germany is a wooded moun- 

 tain chain rising 4,750 feet, but it is also not all forest, but is well in- 

 habited by industrious manufacturers of wooden ware, such as clocks, 

 music boxes, etc. 



The uses and virtues of trees are innumerable. In every clime 

 there are found trees possessing valuable medicinal properties, or else 

 they may bear delicious fruits or nuts. 



The Italian chestnut is an absolute necessity to the peasant, who 

 not only eat the nuts without any previous preparation, but also grinds 

 them and bakes bread of the pounded meal. 



The Bread Fruit tree of the Pacific Islands affords a useful substi- 

 tute for bread, and the healthful fruits of tropical countries are innu- 

 merable. The Cow tree of South America affords a pleasant and deli- 

 cious milk which also coagulates into a cheese. 



The Date Palm of North Africa and Western Asia forms the chief 

 subsistence of the Arabs, and along the verge of the deserts and on 

 small oases it is the only vegetable, where it not only assists in appeas- 



