-300 MISSOURI STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



known as a, perithecimn. (0. Fig. 1.) These are quite small and appear 

 to the naked eye as mere dots not larger than the point of a pin. The 

 winter spores rarely occur on the apple, but they are abundantly pro- 

 duced on the cherry and quince and several related pl'ants. As stated 

 above, the winter spores germinate in the spring and give rise to the 

 white threads which in turn give rise to the conidia or summer spores. 

 This fungus is superficial and for all such species sulphur is the best 

 known remedy. It should be applied in solution as recommended for 

 scab or by dusting the powder on the leaves when the dew is on. 



Another fungus known to botanists as odium fruetigenum, occa- 

 sionally attacks the apple. This fungus also attacks plums and cher- 

 ries, and causes a kind of dry rot. The plant body of the fungus con- 

 sists of minute branching threads which penetrate the tissue of the host, 

 causing it to decay. The growth of the fungus continues after the 

 fruit has been gathered. The one-celled spores are produced in chains, 

 and they form small mealy tufts on the surface of the host. The spoi es 

 readily germinate whenever the proper conditions of moisture and 

 temperature are present. Prof. Peck, of New York, says: "The spores 

 do not effect the fruit when planted on the uninjured skin or rind. 

 When planted on the freshly exposed flesh they germinate most readily, 

 and reproduce themselves in about three days." 



There are several additional species which frequently attack the 

 apple, but the injury they cause is comparatvely insignificant. Dur- 

 ing the past summer many of the apple trees in the southern part of 

 the State were destroyed by blight. The leaves and young branches 

 turned black, and appeared as if they had been scorched. 



I have seen none of the aff"ected trees, but judging from informa- 

 tion received from various fruit growers living in that section, this 

 blight of the apple and the well-known pear blight are identical. I 

 have now briefly described several of the common species which 

 attack the apple, and in conclusion, urge you to study the habits of 

 these interesting parasites. Send me specimens of any injurious spe- 

 cies you may find in your locality, audi will gladly aid you, if possible. 

 I thank you for your attention. 



More than fifty kinds are known to aff'ect tne apple. The rust on 

 the apple is remedied by the kerosene emulsion. Lime water has also 

 been found useful. 



During the year the college has collected some '300 species of 

 fungi, fourteen of them new to science^ We have also received 400 

 from other institutions, and these will enable us to identify more kinds 

 in the future than we have been able to do in the past. 



