ANNUAL MEETING AT LEXINGTON. 301 



lu reply to the question, the spores of the red rust are on the 

 leaves during the winter or in the sod, though they might be stored in 

 the cellar on the apple itself. The fungi also live on the bark of young 

 trees. 



I don't considr the cedar tree injurious in orchards. The fungus 

 will grow on the apple where the red cedar is not known. This seems 

 to show that the fungus has some other way of propagating itself. 

 Kerosene emulsion will destroy the spores, Burning the leaves will 

 be of great use, in that way you destroy a great many of the spores. 

 They fall in the way as dust, being very small, about one-six hundredth of 

 an inch in diameter. This fungus is usually terminated in hot weather. 

 A snow at blooming time is favorable to its development. 



2Ir. Speer. — Two years ago we had a snow storm at blooming 

 times and the rust was very bad that year, manny apples being scabby. 

 2Ir. Tracy. — Rust is quite rare in the west. In the eastern States 

 it is very troublesome. Some orchards have been destroyed by this 

 red rust where the orchards were surrounded by cedar wind-breaks. 

 This is known to be the fact in several cases. I think the red rust is 

 dangerous. The cedar apples may be easily gathered from the trees 

 and the spores destroyed. 



Mr. Lionberger. — The scab is getting worse. Would it not be well 

 to confine ourselves to varieties not subject to this disease? lean 

 name no variety entirely exempt but some are worse injured than 

 others. 



3Ir. Galloicay. — I think the disease may be hereditary. Some in- 

 dividuals are less subject to scab than others and we should propagate 

 from those most exempt. 



Mr. Miirry. — Winesaps now scab so badly with us that we are 

 ready to abandon it; thought it was not scabby much two years ago. 

 I am satisfied that none are entirely exempt. Ben Davis was more ex- 

 empt than any other. The Winsap was very fine this year. 



Mr. Evans. — Has anyone anything to say about potato rot? 

 Mr. Murry. — We find those dug early rotted, those dug later not 

 much better. Those dug early and kept cool did better. Those in a 

 warm place rotted. Those nearest the surface of the ground were al- 

 most all bad. Places covered with weeds or something else that 

 shaded the ground did not rot. Morning glories saved one thousand 

 bushels for one man. He had very little rot. 



Mr. Galloway. — A number of diseases cause rot in the potato. Eot 

 in the potato, rust in the apple and mildew in the grape are all fungi of 

 the same order. The grape does not rot when protected from mois- 



