1919] KEMPTON—PYCNIDIUM 249 



124), forming a small tuft (figs. 120, 125), the branches of which 

 elongate and then divide again, forming a larger tuft (figs. 121,122). 

 The first interwoven branches form a short pedicel. This cuplike 

 structure may be regarded as the primordium of the sporodochium 

 (fig. 123), from which a bed of short conidiophores is formed. 

 The development is clearly simple meristogenous. Other larger 

 bases are quite often formed symphogenously. Then hyphal 

 branches from all adjacent mycelial threads interweave and anasto- 

 mose, forming a black mass of sclerotial character from which 

 hyphae arise and interweave into a cuplike bed from which conidio- 

 phores develop. 



Volulella circinans (Berk.) Stevens and True; from a white 

 globe onion {Allium cepa L.) at Urbana, Illinois, September 191 7. 



Primordia arise by either of 2 methods, simple meristogenous 

 (fig. 126) or symphogenous (figs. 128-130). In most instances a 

 black stroma-like mass of interwoven hyphae is formed symphoge- 

 nously (figs. 130, 131), from which the sporodochium later develops. 

 Setae may be found. arising as hyphal branches (fig. 127). 



Volutella is very similar to Colletotrichum and Gloeosporium in 

 the origin of the sporing bodies; the meristogenous and sym- 

 phogenous methods are both found. The principal distinction 

 is in the formation of a more compact and usually larger base or 

 subicle upon which the sporodochium is produced. The origin 

 of this subicle if it is simple is usually meristogenous, but if a 

 complex subicle is formed it arises symphogenously by the interr 

 weaving of numerous hyphal branches. 



Epicoccum Link 



Epicoccum, species indet. ; isolated from a plate culture in which 

 it appeared as a contamination in October 191 7. 



The sporing body of this fungus arises from 2 or more closely 

 lying hyphae which produce erect branches from a rather localized 

 area. Two or more such hyphae arise which branch in turn near 

 their tips. These form a spreading tuft of conidiophores each bear- 

 ing a conidium at its end. This is a simple form of sporodochium 

 (fig. 132). The development is compound meristogenous. 



