14 THE MONTHLY BULLETIN. 



have eliminated many of the old and favorite breeding places, and 

 greatly reduced the size and numbers of migrations. In this State 

 the most destructive species are controlled as follows : 



Poisoned Bran. — In California the poisoned bran bait has proven 

 exceedingly effective. This is recommended by J. S. Hunter (Bull. 

 170 Cal. Agrcl. Exp. Sta.), as follows: 



Bran 40 pounds. 



Molasses (cheapest) 2 gallons. 



Arsenic 5 pounds. 



The bran should be wet so that water can be just squeezed out of 

 a lump held in the hand. After this, stir in the molasses and then the 

 arsenic. Let stand over night and stir well before placing in the field, 

 so as to allow the poison to penetrate every particle. The poison should 

 be scattered in small piles, about the size of an egg, in front of the path 

 of the hoppers throughout the infested area. In orchards bait should 

 be placed at the trunk of each tree. This bait should be either occa- 

 sionally moistened or renewed. 



Griddle Mixture. — This is one of the poisons used in the East and 



Middle West with such eft'ectiveness and is prepared as follows : 



Paris green 1 pound. 



Common salt 2 pounds. 



Fresh horse dung 60 pounds. 



The paris green is first mixed with Avater to form a paste and then 

 thoroughly stirred into the horse dung with the salt. The mixture is 

 then scattered in some such manner as is the poisoned bran. 



Protecting Orchard Trees. — The general practice has long been to 

 whitewasli the trunks of trees to prevent the grasshoppers from crawl- 

 ing up into the trees. If occasionally renewed this wash does great 

 good in this way and is worthy of recommendation. 



A broad tanglefoot band near the base of the trunks will catch manv 

 of the hoppers but if not applied very thickly the larger and stronger 

 ones will pull out. 



Poison baits placed at the bases of the trees will keep mo.st of the 

 hoppers from attempting to ascend to the foliage. 



Cultivation. — As previously stated the grasshoppers lay their eggs 

 in the fall in small holes in the soil an inch or two deep. The eggs hatch 

 in the spring and the young easily escape. Late fall or winter plowing 

 from four to six inches deep will so cover the egg sacs as to make the 

 escape of the newly hatched hoppers impossible. The greatest menaces 

 are the places held by speculators, M^ho are indifferent to the ravages of 

 these pests. Such localities afford excellent breeding places and in 

 every community where the hoppers are bad, steps should be taken to see 

 that such places are plowed at least during the winter months. 



A thorough harrowing or disking after a rain serves to fill up the 

 burrows and to crush many of the egg masses. 



