120 



THE MONTHLY BULLETIN. 



the scale of each female. The vouiig reach maturity in from three 



to six weeks and usually settle on 

 the smaller limbs of deciduous 

 fruit trees. 



-Throu"hout the 



Distribution. 



entire State. 



Food Plants. — Prune, apple, 

 apricot, plum, cherry, peach, 

 pear, grape, gooseberry and 

 Spanish chestnut. The limbs and 

 young twigs are attacked. 



Control. — Spraying with caus- 

 tic soda distillate water mechani- 

 cal mixture or distillate emulsion, 

 when the trees are dormant, as 

 early as possible, gives excellent 

 results. In many cases it is 

 advisable to spray before all the 

 leaves fall. 



Natural Enemies. — The inter- 

 nal parasite, Comys fusca, is the 

 most efficient natural check. It 

 is given credit of completely con- 

 trolling this pest in many local- 

 ities. 



DIASPIN^ (Subfamily). 



The females of this family are 

 all characterized by the formation 

 of a scale which afl'ords complete 

 protection for the body under- 

 neath. They are termed armored 

 scales and are very small and 

 exceedingly variable in shape. Representatives of this family are 

 abundant in every section and comprise some of the most destructive 

 and difficult pests to control known. The San Jose scale, purple scale, 

 red scale and rose scale are examples. 



Pic. 103. — -The European fruit scale 

 (Lecanium C07'ni Bouche) on branch of 

 apricot. (Essig, Bull. 2, Vent. Co. Hort. 

 Com.) 



THE ORANGE CHIONASPIS. 



Chionaspis citri Comst. 

 (Fig. 104.) 



General Appearance. — The female scales are elongated, blackish- 

 brown in color, with gray margins and dark yellow exuvia:\ The male 

 scales are very small, long and narrow, white with exuviae yellow. They 



