176 THE MONTHLY BULLETIN. 



pupal stage is passed within the old burrow or any protected place 

 outside. The adults emerge in from one to two weeks. The' broods 

 overla]). ])ut there are probably three generations a year. / 



Distribution, — Common throughout the citrus growing sections of 

 the southern part of the State. / 



Food Plants. — The greatest damage is done to the fruit of the orange, 

 by making burrows throughout the peel and often into the pulp. 

 According to H. J. Quayle the larvte also work upon the foliage of the 

 apricot, willow, oak. wild walnut, goldenrod and many greenhouse 

 plants. 



Control. — Though the destructiveness to oranges has been quite great 

 in a few instances, yet not enough actual damage has been done to war- 

 rant the application of poison sprays or other methods necessary for 

 control. The parasitic braconicls which work upon the larva? no doubt 

 play some part in the subjection of the pest. 



Natural Enemies. — The tachina fly {Phorocera parva Bigot.) has 

 been reared from this tortrix at Los Angeles. Internal braconid para- 

 sites also work upon it. 



THE CODLING MOTH. 



Cydia ponionclla (Lhm.) (Family Tortricidfe) . 



{Carpocapsa pomonella Linn.) ' 



(Figs. 161, 162.) 



General Appearance. — The eggs are small, flattened to oval in shape, 

 and not larger than a pinhead. When freshly laid they are pearly 

 white. The larva? or so-called "worms" are very minute when first 

 hatched but when full grown are nearly an inch long. They are usually 

 pinkish above and whitish underneath. The cocoon is made of white 

 silk and is usually hid away in some sheltered place. The pupa, 

 scarcely over one half inch long, is first yellowish, turning with age to 

 a dark rich brown. The adult moths are small being much less than 

 one inch long with a wing expanse seldom greater than three fourths of 

 an inch. The fore wings are grayish brown with several gray or lighter 

 cross lines. Near the tip of each is a small lirown spot in which two 

 irregular golden lines appear. The hind wings are slightly lighter 

 than the fore wings, with fringed borders. The color harmonizes well 

 with the gray bark of the apple trees. 



Life History. — The winter is passed in the larval stage upon the 

 trees, in such protected places as under the bark, in split holes, crotches, 

 etc., or beneath trash or litter on the ground, as well as in storehouses 

 where the larva? have escaped from stored fruit. In the spring they 

 spin their whitish cocoons and enter the pupal stage, which occupies 

 about twenty days. The first adult moths are ready to emerge about the 

 time the apples bloom and many continue to appear throughout the 



