THE MONTHLY BULLETIN. 361 



Crude Oil Emulsion. 



The crude oil winter spray intended for use on all deciduous trees, 

 while dormant, is readily prepared according to this formula : 



Water 175 gallons 



Lye (caustic soda) _' 4 pounds 



Soap oil (oelic acid) 1 gallon 



Crude oil 25 gallons 



Place in the spray tank in the order mentioned, with agitation in 

 motion. Warm the soap oil if it is not thoroughly liquid. In place of 

 the oelic acid, in case it can not be obtained, use 20 pounds of whale-oil 

 soap. Very hard water may require more soap. 



This formula should convert the crude oil into a brown colored 

 emulsion, which is easily agitated to a uniform mixture. 



Dusting Mixture. 



A good material for use in dusting machines is prepared as f oIIoavs : 



Hydrated lime 100 pounds 



Sublimed sulphur 20 pounds 



Apply very thoroughly so that the trees will show a good coating of 

 the pow^der. 



Nicotine in Red Spider Sprays. 



While nicotine is not very effective against mites, its use in red spider 

 sprays may at times be advisable to control aphids. In such cases 

 ' * Black Leaf 40 ' ' may be added to any of the liquid formulas at the rate 

 of 1 pound to 100 gallons. 



Chairman Cook. Mr. Volck has had a great deal of experience in 

 this matter and will be glad to answer anj^ questions in regard to same. 

 Has any one any questions to ask ? 



A Member. Do the red spiders multiply according to the condition 

 of the weather? 



]\Ir. Volck. Yes, but just what those are would be difficult for me 

 to say. Those conditions are not exactly known. I may say that at 

 times it is a little too warm, at times a little too dry, or may be at other 

 times it may be just right; that has not been fully determined. You 

 know in some cases they grow much better under protection than out 

 under natural conditions, and frequently they are worse in green- 

 houses than other places, and they will readily develop on moist soil or 

 .soil that has been under some sort of cover, such as a paper bag, showing 

 that the external climatic conditions in California are not favorable. 

 The same is true of many insects. The almond mite develops better in 

 the warm interior sections than along the coast, and the same is true of 

 the citrus red spider. 



A Member. Are the red spiders migratory? Do they come and go? 



Mr. Volck. No, they are not migratory, but usually remain in one 

 place, excepting when the food supply runs out they will go somewhere 

 else. 



