404 THE MONTHLY BULLETIN. 



Oceanic Company's fleet. Here, again, are two ports badly infested with 

 fruit flies. This route from Sydney via Fiji, Honolulu to Vancouver, is 

 also a monthly run and concerns us only indirectly, but it may result in 

 concerning the territory of Hawaii very much. There are at least three 

 forms of fruit flies here, some of which attack pineapples and bananas 

 very seriously, and they may find their way into the Islands as did the 

 ones that are already there. From Hongkong via Yokohama and Hono- 

 lulu comes one ship about every twenty-one days, of the Japanese Mail 

 line — the melon fly to start with at Hongkong and much worse at Hono- 

 lulu. The Pacific Mail Company averages three ships a month from 

 Manila, Hongkong, Nagasaki, Yokohama and Honolulu — fruit flies at 

 every port of call excepting only Yokohama. Once a month comes a 

 United States Army transport from Manila via Nagasaki and Honolulu 

 — fruit flies at every port of call; at least twelve ships a month, all of 

 which stop at Honolulu. 



From Balboa via all Central American ports come at least four ships a 

 month of the Pacific Mail — the Mexican orange maggot at every stop. 

 From Salina Cruz via San Diego the American-Hawaiian Company 

 bring in at least four ships a month. This makes a total of twenty reg- 

 ular liners a month that come on schedule time. Here is a route from 

 Hilo to Salina Cruz in Mexico. An American-Hawaiian ship covers this 

 route once a week. This has been a source of great potential danger. 

 At Salina Cruz there is no inspection of ships ; the vegetation comes 

 down to the water's edge; a Mediterranean fruit fly will lay its eggs in 

 a cactus fruit as readily as in an orange ; cactus occurs continuously 

 from Salina Cruz to California ; the route is not impractical to a strong 

 winged insect like a fruit fly, and there you are — a chance once a week 

 to get a start. Compere and I smoked a good many pipes trying to find 

 a way to close this avenue of entrance, and at length the opportunity 

 occurred. A ship bound from Hilo to Salina Cruz was recalled by cable 

 and returned to San Francisco. The condition of the vegetables in the 

 ship's stores amply verified all we had imagined. The case was laid 

 before the general manager of the line in all its different bearings, he 

 saw the point clearly, issued an order to all commanders in the fleet to 

 purchase sufficient stores at home ports to make the voyage, not to 

 purchase nor allow to be brought on board any fruit or vegetables at 

 any Hawaiian port. This has at least relieved the situation. 



From Europe via the Straits of Magellan come the liners from Europe, 

 and these, together with the tramp steamers from all over the world, 

 bring the average of ships arriving from foreign ports and which come 

 under our jurisdiction up to about thirty a month. 



The second purpose for which I compiled this map was to endeavor to 

 prove to you that a great deal of misapprehension is held in relation to 

 the Mediterranean fruit fly. It has been asserted in print that this insect 

 is essentially a tropical form and would not be able to establish itself in 

 California if introduced. Look well at the map — it is compiled from the 

 latest data. The black circles indicate regions where the Mediterranean 



