THE MONTHLY BULLETIN. 



639 



and published a bulletin, No. 116, Part V. Prof. C. P. Gillette and 

 the author of this article published, in 1912, life history records and 

 results of laboratory and field experiments in Circular No. 5, Office of 

 State Entomologist, Fort Collins, Colorado. Other references have 

 been made to it by entomological writers from time to time, but prob- 

 ably nowhere has the damage been more serious than in Colorado and 

 New Mexico during recent years. It is probable that only deciduous 

 fruits would be attacked and of these the peach does not seem to be 

 bothered to any extent. 



The Eg'g Stage. 



The fruit-tree leaf -roller passes the winter in the egg stage. In every 

 case where its life history has been determined there is only one brood 

 during a season, the eggs being laid in the summer and remaining 

 unhatched until the following spring. Colorado records show that 

 during the latter part of June and fore part of July most of the eggs 

 are deposited. They may be found most anywhere on the bark of fruit 

 trees, shade trees, shrubbery and berry bushes. AVhen moths are 

 abundant they frequently lay them on fence posts, barns, houses, etc. 

 The writer has seen the side of a house, which during the summer season 

 liad been partly covered by a climbing rose bush, plastered so thick 

 with egg masses that there were several hundred in a space of 10 or 

 12 square feet. 



The individual masses are made up of from 10 to 150 eggs, all of 

 which are covered with a sticky substance from the moth deposited 

 with the eggs. This substance hardens and protects them in a compact 

 oval or in some cases nearly circular flat mass, the greater diamater 

 averaging about three sixteenths of an inch and the lesser one eighth 



of an inch. 



When first laid the patches are generally greenish-yellow, but soon 

 turn darker after exposure to the sun. There is quite a variation in 

 color and many are light gray in the spring about hatching time. 



Fig. 357, 5 and 6, shows a number of egg masses on apple tree. Fig. 

 357, 5, is from a picture of two very light colored masses ; the upper one 

 gives some idea of the thickness of an individual egg patch. In 

 Fig. 357, 6; 35 egg masses are shown on the trunk of an apple tree in 

 a space of about 12 square inches. 



After the eggs are hatched the remaining shells may adhere to the 

 1?rees for years^ These may always be distinguished from the unhatched 

 eggs by the perforations in the surface. The larvae in emerging cut 

 clean oval-shaped holes through the caps of the eggs so the number of 

 holes in a mass indicates the number of larvae that hatched from it. 

 Fig. 357, 2, illustrates the appearance of a hatched egg mass. 



The Larval Stage. 



Shortly after the buds of fruit trees begin to burst open the tiny 

 larvffi of the leaf -roller may be found feeding upon them. They do not 

 all hatch at the same time, however, and there may be a period of two 

 weeks or more during which hatching will be going on. At first the 

 tiny worms are about one sixteenth of an inch in length and yellowish 

 in "color. Later they become a deep green with the head and thorax 



