THE MONTHLY BULLETIN. 



643 



early and which begin feeding on the tender blossoms even before they 

 have had time to open np. the organs of the flower are destroyed so 

 that fertilization is impossible and the flowers and fruit have no chance 

 to develop. The second form of injury is always found when the leaf- 

 roller is present. Both the fruit and the foliage are fed upon. If the 

 larvge are abundant enough they may destroy all the leaves and fruit ; 

 if they occur in lesser numbers there may be a partial defoliation and 



Fig. 360. — Photograph taken in an unsprayed orchard, showing a trunlc 

 covered with webs ; also the alfalfa at the base matted down with them. 

 All the foliage in this orchard was destroyed. (After Gillette and 

 Weldon, Cir. 5, Colo. State Ent.) 



the fruit may be injured more or less seriously. Apples will usually 

 develop when they have been attacked, but are ill-shapen and unmarket- 

 able. Fig. 361 illustrates early attacks of the worms and later develop- 

 ment of the fruit. The third form of injury is one that is not usually 

 reckoned upon by the average fruit grower, and probably always fol- 

 lows complete defoliation. Several orchards in Colorado, which were 

 badly damaged in 1912 ; in fact so badly that practically all the leaves 



