THE MONTHLY BULLETIN. 695 



CALENDAR OF INSECT PESTS AND PLANT 



DISEASES. 



By E. J. VosLER, Assistant Superintendent of the State Insectary. 



[Under the above heading the author aims to give brief, popular descriptions and 

 methods of controlling insect pests and plants as near as possible just prior to or at 

 the time when the suggestions given should be carried into effect by the growers.] 



DECIDUOUS AND CITRUS FRUIT INSECTS. 



The Fall Cankerworm. 



The eggs of the fall cankerworm, a pest of apple, prune, cherry and 

 apricot, are attached to the bark of the fruit trees in masses of from 

 60 to 200, placed side by side in exposed situations, by the wingless 

 females which emerge from the middle of October to the middle of 

 December. Mr. E. 0. Essig^ recommends the use of bands around the 

 tree trunk, placed in September and October, to be renewed occasionally 

 because of the heavy winter rain, to trap the females as they ascend 

 the trunks to deposit their eggs. 



Spraying for the Black Scale on Olive. 



The use of distillate emulsion, according to the formula given below, 

 as soon as the olives are picked, is recommended in the "Injurious and 

 Beneficial Insects of California", by E. 0. Essig: 



Distillate Emulsion. 



Distillate (28 degrees Baume) 20 gallons 



Whale-oil soap 30 pounds 



Water to mix 12 gallons 



Dissolve the whale-oil soap in the water, heating it to the boiling 

 point; add the distillate and agitate thoroughly while the solution is 

 hot. For use, add 20 gallons of water to each gallon of the above 

 mixture. 



The crude oil emulsion is also recommended as given under the next 

 topic "Spraying for the Brown Apricot Scale." 



Spraying for the Brown Apricot Scale, 



The time is approaching for remedial measures against the well 

 known brown apricot scale, enemy of various deciduous trees, particu- 

 larly the prune. E. 0. Essig recommends spraying with caustic soda 

 distillate water, a chemical mixture, or distillate emulsion and crude 

 oil emulsion, when the trees are dormant. In many cases it is advis- 

 able to spray before all the leaves fall. The formula for the distillate 

 emulsion is the same as for the black scale, and the following is the 

 lormula for the caustic soda mixture. 



Water 200 gallons 



Caustic soda (95%) 7 pounds 



Distillate (28 degrees Baume) 10 gallons 



Fill spray tank with the required amount of water; add the caustic 

 soda which has been dissolved in a small amount of water, and then 

 the distillate. Keep agitator going rapidly while applying the spray. 



'Injurious and Beneficial Insects of California, by E. O. Essig, page 187. 



