696 THE MONTHLY BULLETIN. 



Crude Oil Emulsion. 



Water I'J'S gallons 



Liquid soap 3 gallons 



Crude oil (direct from wells) 25 gallons 



Fill the spray tank with 175 gallons of water ; add the liquid soap ; 

 agitate thoroughly for one minute, after which add the crude oil, con- 

 tinuing the agitation while the spray is being applied. 



Fumigation. 



The time is right for the fumigation of black scale in most localities 

 between August 15th and January 1st, though this period may vary 

 in some localities with the hatch of the scale. It is desirable to fumi- 

 gate as soon after all, or as many as possible, of the young scale are 

 hatched. The three fourths or even the half of the regular schedule 

 No. 1 may be used, the latter especially where the hatch is even and the 

 scale young. 



In Tulare County, September seems to be an excellent month for the 

 treatment of the longulus scale. Experiments conducted by Commis- 

 sioner Schulz indicate the efficiency of a two thirds dosage of Schedule 

 JSlo. 1, which seems to do fully as well as the full dosage. 



CEREAL AND FORAGE CROP INSECTS. 



The Clover Seed Chalcid. 



(Bruchophagus funebris How.) 



A reduction in the alfalfa seed crop after thrashing, when before 

 there was much promise of a large crop, has often puzzled many of our 

 alfalfa seed growers. 



A little insect of the hymenopterous family, Eurytomidae, very often 

 brings on the foregoing result. The seriousness of this pest may be 



Fig. 379. — The clover seed chalcid, Bruch- 

 ophagus funebris How. Adult female, greatly 

 enlarged. (After Webster.) 



seen from the statement of one of the experts of the United States 

 Bureau of Entomology working on this pest that fully 50 per cent of 

 the seed crop in certain portions of Arizona, was destroyed by this 

 chalcid. 



The adults are black with brown eyes and light brown feet. The 

 eggs are deposited in the seeds, which, at the time of egg laying, are 

 in a semi-fluid condition. The larvas, on emerging from the egg, feed 



