718 



THE MONTHLY BULLETIN. 



method of protection is known as smudging, and is fast giving way to 

 the better method of heating. . It is probable that light frosts have been 

 warded off by means of such smudges, or at least a sufficient blanket has 

 been formed over an orchard in the early morning to prevent the rapid 



Fig. 386. — Poorly shaped Bartlett pears injured by freezing. (Original.) 



Fig. 387. — Pears sliown in Fig. 3 86 cut open to show tliat they are seedless. (Original.) 



thawing of the blossoms which, if thawed out too rapidly, are sure to be 

 killed. It is now thought that smudging in itself is of little value, and 

 many of the successful orchard heaters now in use are designed to utilize 

 as much of the fuel as possible ; the more complete the combustion the 

 better they are thought to be. 



