28 FORESTRY [Bot. Absts., Vol. V, 



higher and lower forest officers, and the establishment of adequately equipped forest experi- 

 ment stations. The carrying out of this program, the cost of which during the first 10 years 

 is estimated at 84,162,000 francs, is to be entrusted to an independent forest commission con- 

 sisting of three salaried and three non-salaried members, and having attached to it three sub- 

 commissioners, ten or eleven divisional officers, and fifty or fifty-five forest officers. From 

 the French point of view the most characteristic feature of the program is the fact that par- 

 ticular care is taken to prevent the state, in spite of the important part played by it, from 

 encroaching on the rights of private owners, and to encourage, rather than to force, coopera- 

 tion on the part of the latter. — S. T. Dana. 



198. Illick, J. S. When trees grow. Canadian Forest. Jour. 15: 351-354. 1919. — A 

 series of studies carried out for several years involving daily measurements on 200 trees dur- 

 ing the growing season lead to conclusions that: (a) Trees grow almost twice as fast during the 

 night as during the day; (b) The growing season for white pine and Norway spruce, in Penn- 

 sylvania at least, is ended by July 1st; (c) Such knowledge is of high utility in choosing season 

 for planting trees. — H. C. Belyea. 



199. Iwaki, Takanori. Microscopical distinctions of some Japanese coniferous woods. 

 [Article in Japanese.] Bot. Mag. Tokyo 32: 187-198, 219-237. 1918.— See Bot. Absts. 4, 

 Entry 1299. 



200. Jauffrat, Aime. La determination des bois de deux Dalbergia de Madagascar, 

 d'apres les caracteres de leurs matieres colorantes. [Identification of wood of Dalbergia by 

 staining reactions.] Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci. Paris 168: 693-694. 1919. — See Bot. Absts. 5, 

 Entry 565. 



201. Jolly, N. W. The importance of the wood pulp industry to Australian forests. 

 Australian Forest. Jour. 2: 9. 1919. — The possibility of Australia manufacturing wood pulp 

 from its own forests is discussed. The author advocates the utilization of hardwood and 

 Pinus insignis saplings and poles for wood pulp as a means of utilizing waste or of rendering 

 thinnings profitable. — C. F. Korstian. 



202. Jones, J. Shea butter tree. Imperial Department of Agriculture for the West 

 Indies. Report on the Agricultural Department, Dominica, 1918-19: 3. 1919. — Nuts from 

 Dominica examined at the Imperial Institute, London, were found to contain 44 per cent, of 

 fat, a somewhat lower percentage than that contained in West African nuts. — J. S. Dash. 



203. Khan, A. Hafiz. Red wood of Himalayan spruce (Picea morinda). Indian Forester 

 45: 496-498. 1 pi. 1919. — The water absorptive capacity of the red wood which occurs in 

 the heart of Picea morinda is less than that of the white wood, while it is at the same time 

 heavier, volume for volume, than white wood. Both colored woods are lighter than water. 

 — E. N. Munns. 



204. Koehler, A. Selecting wood for airplanes. Sci. Amer. Supplem. 88: 148-149. 

 5 fig. 1919. 



205. Lantes, Adelaide. El alamo. [The pipal tree.] Revist. Agric. Com. y Trab. 2: 

 612-613. 3 fig. 1919. 



200. La Totjche, T. H. D. The submerged forest at Bombay. Rec. Geol. Surv. India 

 49: 214-219. PI. 17-19. 1919.— During excavations in Bombay harbor in 1878 a submerged 

 forest with many stumps in situ was found over an area of 30 acres. The trees were embedded 

 in stiff blue clay 6 to 20 feet thick, resting on decomposed basaltic rock, and covered with 

 4 to 5 feet of harbor silt. The deepest stumps were rooted 33 feet below the present mean 

 high tide. Most of the wood was identified as Acacia catechu, but two apparently drift logs 

 were teak {Tectona grandis). In 1910 excavations on an adjacent area disclosed more stumps, 



