86 MORPHOLOGY AND TAXONOMY OF FUNGI, ETC. [Bot. Absts., Vol. V, 



G31. Arxaud, G. Les Asterinees. [The "Asterinees."] Ann. Ecole Nation. Agric. 

 Montpellier 16: 1-288. PI. 1-53, 22 fig., maps 1-3. July 1917-August, 1918.— The name 

 Asterinees is given to a group of black, saprophytic fungi which, although taxonomically hetero- 

 geneous, are homogenous from the standpoint of biology and climatology. Nearly all Pyreno- 

 mycetes belong to this group. The work is divided into three parts: (1) Comparative 

 morphology. (2) Special taxonomy and morphology. The two groups of Pyrenomycetes, 

 viz., Microthyriales and Dothideales are studied and described in detail. (3) Climatology 

 and geographical distribution. A bibliographical index of the most important publications 

 pertaining to these fungi is given. — F . F. Halma. 



632. Arthur, J. C. Errors in double nomenclature. Bot. Gaz. 68: 147-148. Aug., 

 1919. — Attention is called to the difficulties which confront taxonomists working with para- 

 sitic fungi, because of the necessity of having accurate taxonomic knowledge of hosts as 

 well as of parasites. Occasion is taken to correct an error in a previous paper by the author 

 (Bot. Gaz. 65: 470-471. 1918. See Bot. Absts. 1, Entry 385). Two species there described 

 as new, Puccinia Nicotianae and P. Acnisti, growing respectively on Nicotiana tomentosa 

 and Acnislus arborescens, turn out to be one species, and the host of the two also is identical. 

 The common host now appearing to be A. aggregalus, the correct name of the parasite is Puc- 

 cinia Acnisti. — H. C. Cowles. 



633. Bachmann, E. Neue Flechtengebilde. [New lichen structures.] Ber. Deutsch. 

 Bot. Ges. 36: 150-156. PI. 3. 1918. — Studies of microtome sections of the thalli of limestone- 

 inhabiting lichens containing Chroolepvs or Scytonema as gonidia show three new points: 

 (1) Spheroidal cell-clusters made up of groups of pseudoparenchymatous cells and storing 

 oils; (2) "Hyphal knots," similar in structure, but without the oil and believed to serve 

 for water-storage; and (3) Wandering gonidia, which are free from connection with the 

 hyphae, occur more deeply situated than the usual gonidia, and are yellow-red instead of 

 green. — L. W. Riddle. 



634. Bokura, U. A bacterial disease of lily. Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan l 2 : 36-90. 

 PL 1-2. 1919— See Bot. Absts. 4, Entry 1243. 



635. Breed, R. S., and H.J. Conn. The nomenclature of the Actinomycetaceae. Jour. 

 Bact. 4: 583-602. 1919. — A review of the literature relative to the proper generic names to 

 be used in the family Actinomycetaceae is given, followed by a discussion in which the con- 

 clusion is reached that the generic name Actinomyces Harz should be used rather than Strep- 

 tothrix Corda, Streptothrix Cohn, Discomyces Rivolta, or Actinocladothrix Afanasiev and 

 Schultz. Nocardia Trevisan may be used as a subdivision of the genus Actinomyces. A. 

 bovis Harz may be considered as the type species.— Chester A. Darling. 



636. Burger, Owen F. Sexuality in Cunninghamella. Bot. Gaz. 68: 134-146. Aug., 

 1919— See Bot. Absts. 3, Entry 2096. 



637. Chou, Chung Ling. Notes on fungous diseases in China. [Text in Chinese.] 

 Khu Shou [Science-Publication of the Chinese Science Society] 4: 1223-1229. Fig. 1-16, 

 1919— See Bot. Absts. 5, Entry 732. 



638. Clark, Paul F., and W. H. Ruehl. Morpholgical changes during the growth of 

 bacteria. Jour. Bact. 4: 615-625. 1919. — Seventy strains of bacteria representing 37 species, 

 many of which were pathogenic forms, were studied as to the variation in size, shape, char- 

 acteristic groupings, and staining when grown for different periods of time on ordinary cul- 

 ture media. The conclusions were that in all strains examined excepting those of the diph- 

 theria group and possibly B. mallei the organisms found in cultures four to nine hours old 

 are much larger than in older cultures. The period when the largest organisms are found 

 corresponds closely to the period when the cells are dividing rapidly. In the diphtheria group 

 the organisms in cultures of from 4 to 9 hours old are definitely smaller and more solid stain- 

 ing than in older cultures. — Chester A. Darling. 



