; 98 PATHOLOGY [Bot. Absts., Vol V 



of the cycadales may be borne on small plants. The giantism of the animals approaching 

 extinction was not in their reproductive organs but in their general bodies. The comparison 

 with animals is, therefore, insecure and rests on too many assumptions. Paleobotanical evi- 

 dence is made up of too few isolated cases to point a general law of evolution. — Bennettites 

 maximus Carruthers is also figured and described in detail for the first time. The only speci- 

 men of this is from the lower Greensand in the Isle of Wight. This specimen consists of a large 

 trunk containing a number of cones. Sections made of this trunk show a number of cones. 

 These are bisporangiate. The male organs were developing at the time the plant was petri- 

 fied. The female receptacle was at that time undifferentiated, meristematic tissue. Sec- 

 tions have been made, however, of one cone showing the ovule rudiment and the surrounding 

 tissue. — A. E. Waller. 



723. Stopes, Marie C. On the four visible ingredients in banded bituminous coal: 

 Studies in the composition of coal, No. 1. Proc. Roy. Soc. London B, 90: 470-487. PI. 11-12. 

 1.919* — Proposes names fusain, durain, clarain, and vitrain for four recognizably distinct 

 ingredients of banded bituminous coal. These types are distinctive (a) in effect on sensitive 

 plates (b) chemical and physical behaviour (c) in microscopic details. — Paul B. Sears. 



724. Wilson, W. J. Notes on some fossil plants from New Brunswick. Geol. Surv. 

 Canada, Summary Rept. 1917 F: 15-17. 1918. — Publication of identifications and notes on speci- 

 mens and photographs submitted to Robert Kidston. The material came from the Carbon- 

 iferous of Rothwell, New Brunswick. — E. W. Berry. 



PATHOLOGY 



G. H. Coons, Editor 

 C. W. Bennett, Assistant Editor 



725. Anonymous. Celery leaf-spot disease or blight. Jour. Dept. Agric. Ireland 20: 

 86-89. 3 fig. 1920. 



726. Anonymous. A new disease of pears, new to the continent of America. Agric. Gaz. 

 Canada 6: 951-952. 4 fig- Oct., 1919. — Specimens of pears received by the Division of Botany, 

 Dominion Department of Agriculture, from Kentville, Nova Scotia, showed an unusual rot. 

 Nearly full grown pears showed one or more large, circular, dark-brown spots which were 

 quite firm in texture. Phylophlhora cactorum was obtained in culture from the spots. Only 

 the fruit upon the low hanging branches showed the disease, which suggests that the infection 

 may originate from surrounding infected vegetation. Control measures, chiefly prophylactic 

 are suggested. — 0. W. Dynes. 



727. Appel, Otto, and Johanna Westerdijk. Die Gruppierung der durch Pilze 

 hervorgerufenen Pflanzenkrankheiten. [The classification of plant diseases due to fungi.] 

 Zeitschr. Pflanzenkrankh. 29: 176-186. 1919. — The authors point out the advantages of a 

 classification based upon symptomology, particularly to students of phytopathology. They 

 suggest five main groups, viz. : rots, spots, fungus coverings, increase of tissues, and vascular 

 diseases. Each main group is divided into auxiliary groups, thus: "Rots," for instance, is 

 subdivided into rot of seeds, of seedlings, of roots, of tubers, of bulbs, of rhizomes; basal stem 

 rots; general stem rots; rots of buds and flowers, of fruits, of wood, of bark; and dry rots. 

 The group "Increase of tissues" covers witches' brooms, galls, and flower and fruit transfor- 

 mations (ergot, smuts, etc.). Each group is discussed, reviewing examples. — H. T. Gilssow. 



728. Baker, C. F. A contribution to Philippine and Malayan technical bibliography. 

 Work fundamental to plant pathology and economic entomology. Philippine Agric. 8: 32-37. 

 1919. See Bot. Absts. 5, Entry 123S. 



