120 PHYSIOLOGY [Bot. Absts., Vol. V, 



has been incorporated. Important among the special advances necessitating the revision 

 are (1) the discovery of a third isomeric form of glucose differing from the pentaphane ring 

 forms in structure serving to throw new light on the constitution of sucrose, and (2) definite 

 data for the characterization of carbohydrates as regards the relationship of optical rotatory 

 power to structure. — B. M. Duggar. 



867. Ayers, S. Henry, and Philip Rupp. Simultaneous acid and alkaline bacterial 

 fermentations from dextrose and the salts of organic acids respectively. Jour. Infect. Diseases 

 23: 188-216. 1918. — The quantitative fermentation of dextrose by Bacillus colt and B. aer- 

 ogenes into formic, acetic, lactic, and succinic acids is shown, with the accompanying changes 

 in H-ion concentration. The reversion of reaction is explained as the formation of carbonates 

 or bicarbonates from the formic acid salts, as the changes in P H agree quite closely with the 

 disappearance of the formic acid. Simultaneous fermentations of acid from dextrose and of 

 alkali from citrate are shown with the alkali-forming group of bacteria. — W. II. Chambers. 



868. Behrend, Robert, and George Heyer. Uber die Oxydation der Muconsaure. 

 Synthese der Schleimsaure. [Concerning the oxidation of muconic acid. Synthesis of mucic 

 acid.] Ann. Chem. 418 : 294-316. 1919. — As an average of 12 tests under controlled conditions 

 the action of potassium permanganate upon muconic acid yielded, per 100 molecules of the 

 acid, 21 molecules of oxalic acid, 11 molecules of tartaric acid, a trace of mucic acid, and un- 

 identified products. Oxidation by sodium chlorate and osmic acid yielded, per 100 molecules, 

 32 molecules of mucic acid and small amounts of other products. — W. E. Tollingham. 



869. Besson, A., A. Ranque, and C. Senez. Action biochimique des microbes sur les 

 sucres et les alcools. [Biochemical action of bacteria on sugars and alcohols.] Compt. Rend. 

 Soc. Biol.. 81 : 930-933. 1918. — Fermentation of the common sugars and alcohols by bacteria 

 of the colon-typhoid-dysentery group and other organisms is tabulated, with emphasis on 

 the constancy of the property of gas production. — W. H. Chambers. 



870. Besson, A., A. Ranque, and C. Senez. Sur la vie du coli-bacille en milieu liquide 

 glucose. [On the life of B. coli in liquid glucose-containing media.] Compt. Rend. Soc. Biol. 

 82: 76^78. 1919. — The time relation between growth and fermentation is shown. Gas and 

 acid production commenced when multiplication ceased. More than one-half of the acid 

 was produced in the first hour. — W. H. Chambers. 



871. Besson, A., A. Ranque, and C. Senez. Sur la vie des microbes dans les milieux 

 liquides sucres. [On the life of bacteria in liquid sugar-containing media.] Compt. Rend. 

 Soc. Biol. 82 : 107-109. 1919. — The action of different bacteria on glucose is shown to be similar 

 to that of Bacillus coli, the cultures becoming sterile in 6 days. The acid and gas production 

 of B. coli from different sugars and alcohols is reported. — W. H. Chambers. 



872. Besson, A., A. Ranque, and C. Senez. Sur la vie du coli-bacille en milieu liquide 

 glucose. Importance des doses de glucose. [On the life of Bacillus coli in liquid glucose- 

 containing media. Importance of amounts of glucose.] Compt. Rend. Soc. Biol. 82: 164-166. 

 1919. — The relation of amounts of glucose to titratable acid, death of the culture, disappear- 

 ance of the sugar, and time of gas fermentation is reported. They found reversion of reaction 

 with 0.2 per cent or less of glucose, and death of the culture in 6 days with 0.4 per cent or more. 

 — W. H. Chambers. 



873. Bourquelot, E., and Bridel. Application de la methode biochemlque a l'etude 

 de plusieurs d'Orchidees indigenes. Decouverte d'un glucoside nouveau, la "loroglossine." 

 [Discovery of a new glucoside, "loroglossine," in one of the indigenous orchids.] Compt. Rend. 

 Acad. Sci. Paris 168: 701-703. 1919. — Preparation and properties of the glucoside "loroglos- 

 sine" from Loroglossum hircinum Rich, are described. — F. B. Warm. 



