176 FORESTRY [Bot. Absts., Vol. V, 



as well. The segregation of all pasture-woods that have protection value is urged, to be 

 managed on a strictly protective basis. Artificial extension should be practiced at least to 

 the formation of clumps of trees, such as are naturally found in alpine meadow situations. — 

 F. S. Baker. 



1324. Fabricitjs, O. R0dgran paa Fyn. [Red spruce at Fyn.] Dansk. Skovforenings 

 Tidsskr. 4: 317-372. 1919. 



1325. Fernow, B. E. [Rev. of: Recknagel, A. B., and John Bently, Jr. Forest man- 

 agement.] Jour. Forestry 17: 850-853. 1919.— See also Bot. Absts. 5, Entry 1373. 



1326. Fetjcht, Otto. Zur Entstehung des Harfenwuchses der Nadelholzer. [On the for- 

 mation of "harp-growth" on conifers.] Naturw. Zeitschr. Forst-u. Landw. 17:137-139. 1 fig. 

 1919. — S. Klein, and other authors, agree that the secondary stems, producing the so-called 

 "harp" formation, are developed from the existing primary branches. The author, in the 

 summer of 1917, discovered a white pine in the community of Wurzbach (Wurtt, Black Forest) , 

 which exhibited a new sort of origin. On this tree, not a single branch has attempted to form 

 a secondary stem, but some twenty young stems have arisen on the back of the tree below the 

 upper third, evidently from dormant buds, either from the old whorls or between them. — 

 J. Roeser. 



1327. Flint, Howard R. A suggested departure in national forest stumpage appraisals. 

 Jour. Forestry 17:823-831. 1919. — Present methods of stumpage appraisals on the national 

 forests are deemed unsatisfactory and the proposal is made to change these by basing the 

 price to be paid on the total receipts at stated intervals from lumber sales and costs of oper- 

 ation expressed in work hours of men, horses or machines. — E. N. Munns. 



1328. Girard, James W., and U. S. Swartz. A volume table for hewed railroad ties. 

 Jour. Forestry 17: 839-842. 1 fig. 1919. — To overcome the recent change from two classes 

 to five for railroad ties a volume table was prepared for Douglas fir and larch based on the 

 diameter and number of ties per tree. The difference in form factors between the two species 

 is not sufficient to affect the grades or number of ties. — E. N. Munns. 



1329. Graves, H. S. The extension of forestry practice. Amer. Forestry 26: 50,51. 1920. 



1330. Graves, Henry S. A policy of forestry for the nation. Jour. Forestry 17: 901-910. 

 1919. — Present handling of forests in U. S. A. is not satisfactory and public interest re- 

 quires public ownership of extensive areas and public participation in protection and manage- 

 ment. A national policy demands action by the government, the states and by private owners 

 of forest lands. National forest land should be increased, states should acquire and extend 

 their holdings to assist in their economic and industrial life, and municipalities should have 

 forest land to protect the water supply and to serve as a source of revenue.— On private lands, 

 state and national aid should be given to prevent fires and legislation to this end should be 

 undertaken by the states. Similar action by the states is necessary to require the forest owner 

 to prevent lands becoming waste after lumbering and to assist the forest owner to secure the 

 maximum production. In this, the states should be aided by the National government. 

 Uniform taxation and a forest loan act are necessary, and a federal law is required to provide 

 the government with authority to extend its influence and assistance to the states. — E. N . 

 Munns. 



1331. Greeley, W. B. The forest policy of France. The control of sand dunes and 

 mountain torrents. Amer. Forestry 26 : 3-9. 7 fig. 1920. — Material for this article has been 

 * :iken largely from "Cours de Droit Forestier," by Charles Gugot, and from data prepared 

 by G. Garbe, Engineer des Ponts et Chausses. Bremontier is credited with having de 

 veloped the methods which were successful in halting the destructive course of the Gascon 

 dunes. These embraced the construction of a rampart along the coast, planting hardy herbs 

 on the dunes within the rampart and planting seeds or seedlings of maritime pine. A 



