184 FORESTRY [Bot. Absts., Vol. V, 



1386. Perkins, G. W. Forestry and recreation in the Palisades Interstate Park. Amer. 

 Forestry 26: 20-26. 8 fig. 1920. 



1387. Perree, W. F. Progress report of the Forest Research Institute for the year 1918- 

 19. 22 p. Calcutta, British India. 1919. — The work of the Institute is organized in five 

 branches: Silviculture, forest botany, forest economy, forest zoology, and forest chemistry. 

 A silvicultural experiment in Thano forest indicates that two regeneration fellings are un- 

 necessary where natural reproduction is already present in sufficient quantity. Sufficient 

 overhead cover to protect from frost is also sufficient to suppress young Sal (Shorea robusta). 

 Side protection is of greater value than overhead protection. In this forest the frost risk is 

 slight and therefore it is believed that a clear felling in one operation followed by cleaning and 

 cutting back will prove successful in regeneration. To test this point an experimental area 

 of five acres has been marked for clear felling. Two other plots were laid out in this forest 

 to determine the effect of severe thinning (1) at an early age, and (2) at maturity. The 

 following is indicated in afforestation work at Zaberkhet Tappar: Dalbergia sissoo (less dam- 

 aged by deer) and Melia azedarach are the most promising species ; rooted cuttings of Dalbergia 

 sissoo, Bombax malabaricum, Eugenia jambolana, and Grewia vestita have been successful, 

 while Terrainalia tomentosa, Ougenia dalbcrgioides , and Mallotus philippinensis have given 

 fair results, and that Chir (Pinus longijolia) can be better raised from direct sowings than by 

 transplanting. (July is best season for transplanting this species.) In the study of tan- 

 yielding trees and shrubs Anogeisus latifolia is being tested to determine the best season for 

 pollarding, Cassia auriculala for stimulation of germination and for methods of transplanting. 

 Phyllanthus emblica was found frost hardy, and both direct sowings and transplants from 

 nursery have proved successful; germination ranged from 70 to 90 per cent. Elaeodendron 

 glaucum, also frost hardy, showed 70 per cent germination and both direct sowings and trans- 

 planting proved successful. In the branch of Forest Botany the problem of regenerating the 

 Sal is believed solved by a series of recent investigations. The factors injurious to the estab- 

 lishment of the seedling, due to the interaction of a soil-covering of dead leaves, drought, and 

 bad soil aeration, are eliminated more effectively by a complete removal of the overhead can- 

 opy than by either burning the soil covering, or by removal of undergrowth, with or without 

 partial thinning of the overhead cover. Owing to the uncertainty of good seed years and for 

 other reasons, the restocking of the area by artificial sowings is preferable to reliance on nat- 

 ural regeneration. It has further been proved that much better results are obtained from 

 broadcast sowings in cleared patches and narrow strips with full overhead light than from 

 sowings under the shade of a partial canopy. Therefore the system proposed for handling 

 Sal is a combination of the group and strip methods, in which the size of the unit regeneration 

 areas is determined by the average height of the forest at maturity, and their sequence and 

 orientation by local requirements for shade. A number of woods have been investigated for 

 industrial use. The branch of Forest Chemistry obtained from the leaves of Cinnamomitm 

 glandulijerum 0.20 per cent of camphor and 0.44 per cent of camphor oil. From the leaves 

 of Eucalyptus tereticornis and E. crebra collected at Kaunli, Dehra Dun, were obtained oils 

 which resembled those of similar species grown in Australia. The former contained a small 

 percentage of eucalyptol but the oil from neither of these two species of eucalypts complies 

 with the standard of the British Pharmacopoeia. Artemisia marilima was examined for san- 

 tonin with negative results. The phenolic portion of the light Chir (Pinus longijolia) tar oil, 

 a by-product in distilling this species for Stockholm tar, showed 8 per cent of guaiacol and 42 

 per cent of creosole. Kelp (Saragosum species) from the Bombay Coast contained 0.02 per cent 

 of iodine and 1.14 per cent of potassium. The Institute library has increased its books and 

 periodicals to 14,014. Appended is a list of the current year's publications and also a cumu- 

 lative list from the beginning of the Institute. In general it is expected to develop the 

 Research Institute, to serve not only the scientific and economic interests of the Forest 

 Department, but also to function as the central bureau of information for the entire Indian 

 scientific and commercial community. — E. R. Hodson. 



