252 MORPHOLOGY AND TAXONOMY OF FUNGI, ETC. [Bot. Absts., Vol. V. 



1927. Bal, S. N. Commentationes Mycologicae. 5. Vermicularia Jatropha Speg., on 

 Jatropha integerrima. Jour. Dept. Sci. Calcutta Univ. 2: 31-32. 1 pi. 1920. — This is a rec- 

 ord of the occurrence of the fungus at Calcutta. A short description is given. — Winfield 

 Dudgeon. 



1928. Beardslee, H. C. A new species of Amanita. Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. 34: 

 198-199. PI. 30-31. 1919. — Amanita mutabilis is described, growing on white sand along 

 the coast (Davis Island, North Carolina). In a note by W. C. Coker the same species is 

 also reported in similar soil from Charleston, South Carolina. — W. C. Coker. 



1929. Borgesen, F., and Ratjnkiaer, C. Mosses and lichens collected in the former 

 Danish West Indies. Dansk Bot. Ark. 2 9 : 18 pi. 1918.— See Bot. Absts. 6, Entry 151. 



1930. Bose, S. R. Descriptions of fungi in Bengal. (Agaricaceae and Polyporaceae.) 

 Proc. Indian Assoc. Cultivation Sci. 4: 109-114. PL 1-11. 1918. — The following species, 

 collected near Calcutta, Hooghly, and neighboring places, are described, and with the ex- 

 ception of the first are figured: Schizophyllum commune, Lentinus praerigidus, L. caespitosus , 

 L. irregularis, Lepiota erminetis, Collybia mimicus, C. ambustus, Daedalea quercina, Favolus 

 scaber, Polystictus sanguinus, and Hexagonia sub-tenuis. The author states that he expects 

 to publish similar descriptions of the Polyporaceae in Bengal at frequent intervals, and will 

 cover the group in two or three years. — H. M. Fitzpatrick. 



1931. Boyer, M. G. Etudes sur la biologie et la culture des champignons superieurs. 

 [Biology and culture of mushrooms.] Mem. Soc. Sci. Phys. Nat. Bordeaux VII, 2: 233-344. 

 4 pi., 20 fig. 1918. — The work is divided into two parts : 1. Experiments on the germination of 

 spores and culture of mycelia of edible Basidio- and Ascomycetes. 2. Special researches on 

 Morchella esculenta and Psalliola campestris. — The author attempted to obtain the germination 

 of many kinds of spores but had only a few positive results. He was thus unsuccessful with 

 Boletus, Russttla and Amanita. Contrary to the findings of Matruchot, de Lesparre, and 

 others, the author has never observed the germination of Tuber spores. He attempted 

 without success also the germination of spores which had gone through the digestive tract, 

 of animals. In contact with oak leaves or rootlets, spores remain equally inert. The author 

 studied in particular a group of fungi neither saprophytic nor apparently parasitic, found in 

 the vicinity of trees. He believes them to be always symbiotic with trees through mycor- 

 rhiza. This fact has been satisfactorily proved for several Agaricineae and for Tuber. The 

 direct connection between fungus and mycorrhiza is difficult to establish in the species that 

 do not form rhizoids. Symbiotic forms are apparently capable of adopting parasitic habits 

 and vice versa. The author found Hypholoma fasciculare and Trametes pini growing on earth 

 in contact with their host through mycorrhiza only, and a normally mycorrhizal form {Bo- 

 letus) growing parasitically on tree trunks.— Aseptic Mycelia: Constantin and Matruchot 

 saved the industry of mushroom culture in France, attacked by Mycogona perniciosa, when 

 they introduced in the market aseptic mycelia, raised from spores. The author does not ob- 

 tain satisfactory results with this method. He recommends another which he believes to be 

 new. It consists simply in growing mycelia not from the spores but from fragments of pseudo- 

 tissue taken from the pileus or stipe. Most of these cuttings grow vigorously. Those of 

 Boletus are of weak growth, and those of Morchella, Amanita, and Tuber, do not grow at all. 

 This fact the author considers as further proof of the semi-parasitic nature of these latter 

 fungi. The saprophytic mycelia of Morchella can easily be obtained from the spores, but it 

 remains permanently sterile. The author believes that in order to produce carpophores 

 Morchella must become parasitic or symbiotic. All attempts to bring about this condition 

 have, however, failed. The mycelium remains sterile in field, garden, or orchard. When 

 inoculated on live tubers or rootlets of Jerusalem artichoke, it does not penetrate the living 

 tissue. His special studies on Psalliota campestris seemed to prove that cultural characters 

 are preserved by the mycelia arising from cuttings. — Maihilde Bcnsaude. 



