78 FORESTRY [Bot. Absts., Vol. VI, 



559. Hall, R. C. The forest situation in France. Jour. Forestry 18: 522-529. 1920.— 

 The French forest policy of keeping 18 per cent of her land area in permanent forests was 

 justified by the results in the Great War, for through her forests France was self sustaining 

 and furnished the American and British armies with their wood supplies as well. With the 

 coal supply virtually shut off, wood formed an important fuel. During the war the bulk of 

 the cut came from the private forests, the government being reluctant to permit over-cutting 

 in the state forests. The present problem in France is the restoration of the invaded region, 

 the extent to which present needs can be met from the public forests, and the recuperation of 

 private woodlands. Much of the invaded area will have to be replanted, which will be a long- 

 time project, because of the great acreage, the high cost and the problem of ownership. 

 For present needs over-cutting will be necessary, as the unfavorable financial exchange pre- 

 vents importation. Private woodlands should be purchased now, but this is financially out 

 of the question. The management of private lands has long been unsatisfactory and some 

 further measures of state control are being advocated. — E. N. Munns. 



569. Haslund, Ole. Granens Stammeform. [Form factor and form-class of Norway 

 spruce.] Tidsskr. Skogbruk 28: 44-53. Fig. 4- 1920. — By making use of the fact that the 

 form factor varies according to the form-point, which is a relation between form of crown and 

 form of stem, certain characteristic relations of crown, form, diameter and height are expressed 

 and the variations of these according to the site and density of the stands. The form classes 

 are expressed as 0.55, 0.60, 0.65, 0.70 and 0.75, the last being the best form. A tree of 40 cm. 

 diameter breast high in the 0.55-class has a crown diameter of 5.5 m., and a tree of the same 

 diameter of stem but in the 0.70-form class has a crown diameter of only 4.3 m. Trees of the 

 first kind need an area of 30.25 sq. m., while those of the latter require only 18.49 sq. m. In 

 the first class there would be 33 trees per dekar (0.1 hectar) and those of the 0.70 class would 

 stand 54 per dekar. From this study it is concluded, among other things, that it is very 

 poor policy to cut in such a manner as to open the stand sufficiently to lower the form class. 

 — J. A. Larsen. * 



561. Havelock, W. B. Common and Japanese larch at Brocklesby Park. Quart. Jour. 

 Forest. 14: 59-61. 1920.— Comparisons of the growth at Brocklesby Park, England, of 

 Japanese and European larch, which was set out in 1903-04, spaced 4 by 4 feet and mixed with 

 hardwoods in the proportion of two softwoods to one hardwood. Measurements, presumably 

 in the winter of 1919-20, show the following average girths of trees on an area which has been 

 thinned three times: Japanese larch, 14 inches; sycamore, 11.2 inches; ash, 9.7 inches; elm, 

 etc., 9.4 inches. On another area, twice thinned, European larch has an average girth of 13.1 

 inches; sycamore, 11 inches, ash, 9.6 inches, beech, 5.4 inches; and other hardwoods, S.l inches. 

 [See also following Entries, 562, 563.]— C. R. Tillotson. 



562. Havelock, W. B. European and Japanese larch at Brocklesby Park. Quart. Jour. 

 Forest. 14: 101-103. 1920. — The growth of both European and Japanese larches in mixture with 

 various hardwoods is discussed briefly. The larches in every instance have exceeded the 

 other species in rate of growth. [See also next preceding and next following Entries, 561, 

 563.]— C. R. Tillotson. 



563. Havelock, W. B. The western larch (Larix occidentalis) on the Brocklesby Park 

 estate, Lincolnshire. Quart. Jour. Forest. 14: 96-100. 1920. — Larix occidentalis on this 

 estate is longer in establishing itself than either the European or Japanese species but in the 

 power of resistance to frost and drought, there does not appear to be much difference between 

 them. It does not appear to thrive where there is thick grass in the plantation at first. Its 

 height growth in the young stage is inferior to the European and Japanese larches. Shelter 

 appears to be desirable for it in its early years. [See also preceding entries, 561, 562.] — C. R. 

 Tillotson. 



564. Hiley, W. E. The mean annual forest per cent. Quart. Jour. Forest. 13: 156-165. 

 1919. — By the use of the soil expectation value formula and a money yield table for Scots pine, 



