84 FORESTRY [Bot. Absts., Vol. VI, 



for the best. Even though, in its former place, financial considerations may have been given 

 undue weight, now agricultural interests are favored often to the detriment of the forests. 

 Charges for by-products of the forest — pasturage, litter, seedlings, twigs for broom-making — 

 have not been increased with the rise in other prices, and in many cases have been reduced 

 since the war started. They now bear no relation to the cost of supervision. Both the forest 

 and the public treasury would benefit if the Ministry of Finance were again in control. — W. N. 

 Sparhaivk. 



608. Robinson, R. L. Forest policy. Quart. Jour. Forest. 14:82-95. 1920. — This paper 

 treats broadly of the pre-war development of forest policy particularly in the United King- 

 dom, although briefly also of that in other countries, discusses the part played by timber in 

 the war, and summarizes what the author believes to be the main principles that underlie the 

 development of forest policy. — C. R. Tillotson. 



.609. Roth, Filibert. Great teacher of forestry retires. Amer. Forestry 26: 209-212. 

 1 -portrait. 1920.— Appreciation of B. E. Fernow. [See Bot. Absts. 6, Entry 958.] 



610. Rubner. [Rev. of : Grebe, C. Studien zur Biologie und Geographie der Laubmoose. 

 I. Biologie und Okologie der Laubmoose. (Studies on the biology and geography of foliaceous 

 mosses. I. Biology and ecology of foliaceous mosses.) Reprint from Hedwigia 59: 1917.] 

 Forstwiss Centralbl. 41 : 431-433. 1919. — Rubner points out the need for a thorough study of 

 forest mosses and their interrelation with soil conditions and with the composition of the for- 

 est. — W. N. Spar hawk. 



611. Sampson, Arthur W. [Rev. of: Hitchcock, A. S. Genera of grasses in the United 

 States, with special reference to economic species. U. S. Dept. Agric. Bull. 772. 307 p. 

 1920.] Jour. Forestry 18: 426-427. 1920. 



612. Schlich, Sir William. Forestry in the Dominion of New Zealand. New Zealand 

 Jour. Sci. Tech. 1: 201-210. 1918. [Slightly abridged from Quart, Jour. Forest. 12: 1-28. 

 1918.]— See also Bot. Absts. 1, Entry 1456. 



613. Schwappach, A. Waldbauvereine. [Societies for forest culture.] Deutsch. Forst. 

 zeitg. 35: 37-39. 1920. — Many societies for the practice of forestry have been formed recently 

 in several Prussian provinces. They are voluntary associations of small owners who agree 

 to manage their forests in accordance with technical advice to be given them by the Agri- 

 cultural Council (Landwirtschaftskammer). The purpose is two-fold: first, to increase wood 

 production on the now poorly managed small private holdings; second, to prevent compulsory 

 cooperative management under strict state control. Schwappach fears that they will not be 

 effective, and inclines to the belief that compulsory cooperative forests, managed by respon- 

 sible officers and subject to state supervision, will be found necessary to increase the yield 

 from small holdings. — W. N. Sparhawk. 



614. Seybold, Karl. Die Forstwirtschaft der Tatsachen (natiirlicher Hochwaldbetrieb). 

 [Forestry based on nature.] Forstwiss. Centralbl. 41: 405-426. 1919. — Advocates getting 

 away from theory and arbitrary rules and methods in forest management, with a closer adher- 

 ence to natural laws and the phenomena of forest growth. Accurate prediction of growth for 

 long periods is impossible, and the most carefully made theoretical working plans are always 

 sooner or later upset by natural influences, such as windfall, drouth, frost, insects, fires, 

 failure of seed years, and the like. The system proposed has been tried out since 1900 on a 

 5,000-hectare fir and beech forest in Alsace. An essential feature is the 5-year cutting cycle, 

 by which every part of the forest is gone over every 5 years. This makes possible the removal 

 of diseased, suppressed, and ripe trees and groups of trees at the most suitable time, and 

 is especially favorable to growth of the remaining trees and to natural reproduction. Another 

 feature is the maintenance of a continuous forest cover, unbroken by clearings except where 

 they result from accident. The frequent cuttings insure light and ventilation. Instead of 



