88 FORESTRY [Bot. Absts., Vol. VI, 



630. Vestby, P. Spredte trak fra en skogbefaring i Chili. [Sketches from a trip to Chilian 

 forests.] Tidsskr. Skogbruk 28: 17-27. PI. 1. 1920. 



631. von dem Bttsche. Schutz und Anbau der Eibe. [Protection and propagation of the 

 yew.] Deutsch. Forstzeitg. 35: 21. 1920. — An order from the Minister of Agriculture, 

 Domains, and Forests, for preventing the extinction of yew in German forests. — W. N. 

 Sparhawk. 



632. vox Mammen. Forstwirtschaft, Holzhandel und Holzindustrie in Ostpreussen. 

 [Forestry and wood industry in East Prussia.] Forstwiss. Centralbl. 41: 368-3S8. 1919. — 

 Wooded area in 1913 was 660,841 hectares, or 17.7 per cent of the land area. The forests were 

 divided into 23,120 tracts, of which 22,942 were connected with farms, 84 per cent were under 

 10 hectares in size, and made up but 7.9 per cent of the total area; the 111 tracts greater than 

 1,000 hectares comprised 68.5 per cent of the total area. Deciduous species occupied 21.7 

 per cent of the area, or 143,305 hectares; two-thirds of this was high forest, divided into three 

 types, oak, birch-alder-ash, beech and others, at about a 1-3-1 ratio. Conifers occupied 

 517,536 hectares (78.3 per cent) of which 96,132 ha were selection forest and the rest high 

 forest. Scotch pine covered 338,629 ha, spruce 168,100 ha, white fir 10,524 ha, and larch 283 ha. 

 Pine predominates on the sandy soils of the south, spruce on the loams in the northern and 

 central districts, oak on the best soils, while hornbeam, birch, aspen, and linden are common 

 in mixture with conifers on the better sites. Aspen and birch quickly occupy areas denuded 

 of conifers. The forests suffer considerable losses from late and early frosts, storms, and in- 

 sects, — timber cut from the State forests (386,000 ha in 1904, and 417,000 ha in 1912) increased 

 from 4.14 cubic meters per hectare in 19 "*4 to 11.75 cubic meters in 1910, due to ravages of the 

 Nun-moth. In 1912 but 5.01 cubic meters per ha was cut, nearly half of it fuelwood. Yields 

 of the larger private forests are about the same as those of state forests; the smaller private 

 holdings are not managed as well, although steps have recently been taken to promote forestry 

 on private holdings. — Before the war, wood exports consisted chiefly of firewood and mine 

 timbers, to western Germany, construction material to Berlin and vicinity, and amounted 

 in all to about 350,000 tons per year. More than 2,200,000 cubic meters of wood were imported 

 from Russia to supply the sawmills and pulpmills in the Memel region. Rapid development 

 of the sawmill industry in Russia has resulted in increased prices of raw material for the 

 Memel mills, and at the same time in lower prices for manufactured lumber. — W. N. Sparhawk. 



633. von Tubeuf, C. Schilderungen und Bilder aus nord-amerikanischen Waldern. 

 [Descriptions and pictures of North American forests.] Naturw. Zeitschr. Forst- u. Landw. 

 17: 153-166. PI. 54-59. 1919. — This article is the second of a series; in it the author describes 

 his trip over the Moffat Road to Idle-wild in the Arapaho National Forest, with reference 

 chiefly to forest types encountered. He gives a brief account of the local organization of the 

 U. S. Forest Service and some of its work. The virgin forests of lodgepole pine, pure or in 

 mixture with alpine fir (Abies subalpine, he calls it) are considered in some detail. The system 

 of management is far from intense as compared with German methods, only tie timber is logged, 

 and regeneration is secured naturally, since Lodgepole is a very prolific seeder. A few at- 

 tempts have been made by the Forest Service to reforest burnt-over areas artificially, where 

 neither lodgepole nor aspen have come in. Aspen and lodgepole usually occupy the land 

 after a fire; the latter most frequently following Douglas fir. The seed extraction establish- 

 ment on the Arapaho Forest is described. The dendroctonus bark-beetles cause very much 

 damage in this region. Their activities, according to Hopkins, are of a primary nature; 

 not secondary, as the author considers the activities of German bark beetles. Although no 

 direct evidences of insect damage were encountered, the writer was struck with the damage 

 caused by the porcupine (Ercthizon dorsatum) in lodgepole forests, and gives a description of 

 this animal. — J. Roeser. 



634. Whitford, H. N. [Rev. of: Brown, W. H., and A. F. Fisher. Philippine bam- 

 boos. Philippine Islands Bur. Forest. Bui. 15. 32 p., S3 pi. Manila, 1918.] Jour. Forestry 

 18: 167-168. 1920. 



