No. 3, December, 1920] PHARMACOGNOSY IS'. I 



the greater virulence toward apple shown by tliis form over thai shown l>y the form isolated 

 from Prunus.— On the basis of color, and size of pustules, dimension aidia, mode of 



eonidial germinal ion, viability of conidia (confirming Ewert's work) growl h on culture media, 

 and mode of parasitism the distinctions between M.fructigena and .1/. cinerea are summa- 

 rized. Within the species .1/. cinerea &\ least two forms are recognizable culturally and para- 

 sitically distinct. "The American form of Monilia is more nearly related to M. cinerea than 

 to M . fructigena but in cultures can be distinguished from the European form of .1/. tint ea 

 by its mode of growth in cultures and by its numerous fructifications." — G. H. Coons. 



PHARMACEUTICAL BOTANY AND PHARMACOGNOSY 



Heber W. Youngken, Editor 

 E. N. Gathercoal, Assistant Editor 



1296. Ballard, C. W. Official standards for botanical drugs. Jour. Amer. Pharm. Assoc. 

 9: 676-678. 1920. — In the revision of the U. S. P. IX, the author suggests some changes in 

 the standards for botanical drugs, including definite botanical origins, with the elimination 

 of such phrases as "and other species," etc. Suggestions are also offered regarding the 

 phraseology for descriptions of plant tissues; descriptions of foreign materials; indication of 

 diagnostical characters; indication of possible adulterants; standard fineness for powders 

 used in descriptions; methods of technic used in mould examination. Author also urges 

 the adoption of a standard for moisture in crude drugs. — Anton Hogstad, Jr. 



1297. Beringer, G. M. A note on the examination of a commercial sample of oil of penny- 

 royal. Amer. Jour. Pharm. 92: 460-462. 1920. — An examination of a commercial sample 

 of oil of pennyroyal, showed it to contain 50 per cent of alcohol. Authors describe the vari- 

 ous tests applied, which includes color, odor, S. G., B. P., iodoform test for pulegone and the 

 reduction with nascent hydrogen to form menthol. — Anton Hogstad, Jr. 



1298. Checkley, George. The formation of a student's botanical garden. Pharm. 

 Jour. 104: 44. 1920. — A botanical garden embracing all of the 46 drug plants listed in the Minor 

 Syllabus (Pharmacy Examination) would require about 60 square yards of good loamy soil 

 with plenty of sunshine. Preparation of the ground commences in the winter, the seed beds 

 are prepared in the spring and plant specimens from the woods and meadows transplanted 

 during the summer and fall. If desired, the plants may be arranged in the garden by the 

 natural classification beginning with Ranunculaceae, or preferably, placed in those positions 

 most suitable for their growth, each plant or plot being properly labeled. Plants best grown 

 from seed (obtainable from a good seedsman) are Avena sativa, Brassica alba, Brassica sina- 

 poides, Conium maculatum, Cylisus scoparius, Datura stramonium, Digitalis purpurea, Foenic- 

 ulum capillaceum, Hordeum dislichon, Hyoscyamus niger, Matricaria chamomilla, Papaver 

 rhoeas, Papaver somniferum, Ruta graveolens. From the fields, woods and hedge rows may be 

 collected Althaea officinalis, Atropa belladonna. Bryonia dioica, Colchicum autumnale, Daphne 

 la areola, Drypoleris filix-mas, Juniperus communis, Menyanthes trifoliata, (Enanthe crocata, 

 Pinus sylvestris, Quercus robur, Rosa canina, Salix alba, Sa7nbucus nigra, Solatium dulcamara, 

 Taraxacum officinale, Triticum vulgare, Ulmus campestris, Valeriana officinalis. Where trees 

 are mentioned, one or tw r o-year old specimens are understood. Specimens of the remaining 

 plants will needs be obtained through a florist, herb nursery or an exchange bureau. These 

 are Aconitum napellus, Anthcmis nobilis, Cochlearia armoracia, Colchicum autumnale, Daphne 

 mezereum, Juniperus sabina, Lavendulavera, Mentha piperita, M. pulegium, .1/. viridis, Prunus 

 laurocerasus, Rosmarinus officinalis and Taxus baccata. Suggestions for establishing a drug 

 plant exchange are offered. — E. N. Gathercoal. 



1299. Grant, E. H. New tests for the identification of sparteine and guaiac. Jour. Amer. 

 Pharm. Assoc. 9: 704. 1920. — For sparteine: Extract alkaloid with chloroform from slightly 

 ammoniacal solution. From chloroform solution extract with dilute sulphuric acid; solution 



