274 MORPHOLOGY, ETC., VASC. PLANTS [Bot. Absts., Vol. VI, 



occupied by the earlier varieties for 4 to 6 months, and by the later varieties for 7 or S months. 

 To have the ground in use throughout the year, a crop of early potatoes may alternate with 

 the cauliflower and a crop of beans or lettuce with the brocoli. — E. J. Kraus. 



1887. Truax, Hartley E. United States grades for northern-grown onions. U. S. Dept. 

 Agric. Dept. Circ. 95:3-4. 1920. 



1888. Truax, Hartley E. United States grades for Bermuda onions recommended by the 

 United States Department of Agriculture. U. S. Dept. Agric. Dept. Circ. 97: 2-4. 1920. 



1889. Wittmack, L. Gemiisesamenbau. [Vegetable seed culture.] Landw. Hefte. 41 

 and 43 : 7-96. 30 fig. 1919. — An extended account of the production of seeds, especially in 

 Germany, of each of the garden vegetables. The work is divided into two parts. The first 

 treats of general matters such as statistics, soils, fertilizers, seed quality, fructification, till- 

 age, harvesting, cleaning and seed improvement. The second part is devoted to the growing 

 of seed of each kind of vegetable. — C. V. Piper. 



HORTICULTURE— PRODUCTS 



1890. Anonymous. [Rev. of: Hargreaves, W. A. Cream of tartar manufacture in South 

 Australia. Bull. Dept. Chem. South Australia 3. 112 p. 1916.] New Zealand Jour. Sci. 

 and Tech. 1: 126. 1918. — Average wine production of the state for 5 years from 1911 was 

 3,000,000 gallons a year, and total possible production of cream of tartar 64 to 126 tons. — 

 C. S. Gager. 



1891. Anonymous. The Oil Palm. Kew Bull. Misc. Inf. [London] 1919:238. 1919. — 

 A brief note on Elaeis guineensis nigrescens poissonii. — E. Mead Wilcox. 



1892. Bartlett, H. H. The manufacture of sugar from Arenga saccharifera in Asahan, 

 on the east coast of Sumatra. Michigan Acad. Sci. Ann. Rept. 21 : 155-165. PI. 8-6. 1919. — 

 There is given a history of the natives, their customs, and the agricultural condition of the 

 land. Then follows the history of the sugar palm, Arenga pinnata (Wurmb) Merr., or "bagot" 

 as it is called by the natives, and the methods for its cultivation. The plant produces two 

 kinds of "mayams" or spadices, male and female. The female spadix yields fruit but no 

 juice, and the male vice versa. The saccharine juice collected from the male spadix contains 

 a considerable amount of protein and will ferment quickly. The juice is often sterilized with 

 smoke or hot water. The method of making the sugar is described in detail. — H. C. Young. 



1893. Ghose, Manmathanath. A neglected source of sugar in Bikar. Agric. Jour. 

 India 15: 32-39. 3 pi. 1920. — A discussion of the date palms as a source of sugar. Methods 

 of tapping and flow and composition of the juice are discussed. From good trees 5000 to 

 7000 grams of juice twice daily can be secured from the middle of April to the end of May. 

 The percentage of sucrose in juice averages 12.5, there being no appreciable difference in 

 the day and night collections. The date palm in Bihar is considered an important source of 

 cheap white sugar. — J. J. Skinner. 



MORPHOLOGY, ANATOMY, AND HISTOLOGY OF VASCULAR 



PLANTS 



E. W. Sinnott, Editor 



1894. Bloch, E. Modifications anatomiques des racines par action mecanique. [Ana- 

 tomical modifications of roots by mechanical action.] Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci. Paris 169: 

 195-197. 1919. — Author continues previous work on the effect of compression on the structure 

 of various plant organs. Plants of Raphanus raphanistrum, Helianthus oleraceum. Polygo- 

 num tartaricum, and Soja hispida were used. It is noted that compression of the roots or 

 rhizomes of these plants did not affect normal development of other parts of the plant. Roots 



