288 PHYSIOLOGY [Bot. Absts., Vol. VI, 



alkaloids, and that a maximum of 8 per cent be established for total ash and 3 per cent for 

 acid insoluble ash. The rhizome portions were found to have a higher alkaloidal content than 

 the roots, thereby confirming a previous report in literature, — Anton Hogstad, Jr. 



1993. Youngken, H. W., and C. F. Slotter. Studies on commercial varieties of nux 

 vomica. Amer. Jour. Pharm. 92: 538-540. 1920. — A discussion as to some means of distin- 

 guishing between a number of varieties of nux vomica; namely, Tellicherry, Madras, Cochin 

 and Ceylon. The descriptions include the outer morphological characteristics, specific 

 gravity, and measurements of the hairs and the outer endosperm cells. — Anton Hogstad, Jr. 



PHYSIOLOGY 



B. M. Duggar, Editor 

 Carroll W. Dodge, Assistant Editor 



DIFFUSION, PERMEABILITY 



1994. Girard, Pierre. Relation entre l'etat electrique de la paroi de la cellule et sa per- 

 meabilite a un ion donne. [Relation between the electrical state of the cell membrane and its 

 permeability to a given ion.] Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci. Paris 169: 94-97. 1919. 



1995. Shull, C. A. Absorption of gold. [Rev. of : Williams, Maud. Absorption of gold 

 from colloidal solution by fungi. Ann. Bot. 32:531-534. 1918. (See Bot. Absts. 2, Entry 

 194.)] Bot. Gaz. 68:392. 1919. 



MINERAL NUTRIENTS 



1996. Andre, G. Repartition des elements mineraux et de l'azote chez le vegetal etiole. 

 [The distribution of the mineral elements and the nitrogen in etiolated plants.] Compt. Rend. 

 Acad. Sci. Paris 167: 1004-1006. 1918. — Kidney beans were grown for twenty-five days. 

 Analysis showed about two-thirds of the lime and one-third of the sulphur present in the coty- 

 ledons. Nearly three-fourths of the nitrogen and phosphorus were present in the roots and 

 stems, while the magnesium and potassium were approximately in equal proportions in coty- 

 ledons and roots and stems. — G. M. Armstrong. 



1997. Coupin, Henri. Sur l'absorption des sels mineraux par le sommet de la racine. 

 [On the absorption of mineral salts by the root tip.] Compt. Rend.. Acad. Sci. Paris 169: 

 242-245. 1919. — The plants employed were peas, castor-oil plant, and lupine. Tips of seed- 

 lings were dipped in Knop's solution and in distilled water. Differences in growth indicated 

 that nutritive salts were absorbed through the root tip in the first case.— V. H. Young. 



1998. Gautier, Armand, and P. Clausmann. Action des fluores sur la vegetation: B. 

 Cultures en champ d'experiences. [Action of fluorides on vegetation: experimental cultures.] 

 Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci. Paris 169: 115-122. 1919. — Preliminary experiments with artificial 

 media containing compounds of fluorine were not entirely conclusive, but later experiments 

 with the somewhat soluble calcium fluoride, added to ordinary soil, gave interesting results. 

 In its natural state this soil contained 88 mgm. of fluorine per kgm. Calcium fluoride was 

 added at the rate about 56 grams per square meter on small plots, and adjacent plants 

 received chalk containing an equal amount of calcium. The following crop plants were used: 

 wheat, oats, barley, carrots, turnips, potatoes, beets, kidney-beans, peas, cabbage, pop- 

 pies, etc. In most cases a marked increase was to be noted, although in a few cases the results 

 gave an indifferent or even a lower yield. The authors believe that fluorine accompanies 

 phosphorus in plant tissues and seems to assist in its fixation in plant tissues. Since phos- 

 phorus is so important in stimulating the growth of plants, it is believed that the use of 

 fluorides on soils promises to be of great benefit. Fluorine from vegetable tissues does not 

 appear to be assimilated by animals, but is excreted directly.— V. H. Young. 



