384 THE MONTHLY BULLETIN. 



tree, affords sufficient but not too dense shade, while all the interior 

 growth on which the black scale usually flourishes is, as far as possible, 

 removed. The scale insects suffer great mortality if exposed to direct 

 sunlight and heat when young. Thus it happens that the foliage on 

 the top of the tree and all over the outer shell will be almost free from 

 the scale insects, and if the inner growth has been removed the infesta- 

 tion is materially lessened and it becomes easy for the sprayer to drive 

 along under the trees and spray from the ground all the inside foliage, 

 where he will probably hit and destroy nearly all the live insects on the 

 tree. But he should in addition walk around the outside of the tree 

 and spray thoroughly all the outer foliage as well, thus making a 

 nearly complete cleanup of all scale insects that are in such a condition 

 that it is possible to destroy them. 



Pasadena has, besides the one, two and three year old trees not yet 

 generally requiring treatment, an approximate total of 5,850 peppers, 

 3,000 camphors, 1,000 Sterculias and 3,700 black Acacias, as well as 

 about 1,500 miscellaneous trees all infested and requiring to be trimmed 

 and sprayed as outlined. 



This last year the street trees cost the municipality about $1,525 for 

 spraying and $7,300 for trimming, or a total of about $8,825 for spray- 

 ing and trimming 15,050 trees, or an average of about 58 cents per 

 tree treated. 



The total annual expenditures amount to about $71,500, of which 

 amount about $50,000 is for the upkeep and improvement of the five 

 parks ; about $7,500 for the care of the parkings planted with grass on 

 the boulevards ; about $2,000 for a municipal nursery and about $12,000 

 for the street trees scattered over the 200 miles of parkings. The con- 

 trol of insect pests on the street trees costs about $1,525, the tree-trim- 

 ming $7,300, and the balance, $3,175, is expended in the planting and 

 watering of young trees. 



The clean, healthy condition of the street trees contributes much to 

 the beauty o£ the city and reflects great credit upon previous park 

 commissioners, in that they exercised far-seeing wisdom enough to 

 adopt advanced methods of treatment, and were broad enough to realize 

 that complete success could come only through uniform methods applied 

 to the city as a whole, and executed by the city as a unit. 



Co-operation of the park management with the county horticultural 

 commissioner, through the local inspectors, has accomplished the correct 

 work apparent in all parts of the city, subject, of course, to minor 

 exceptions. 



The insect pests, formerly uncontrolled and causing damage to fruit 

 trees and destroying the beauty of ornamentals, are fairly well con- 

 trolled, and fruit trees and ornamental shrubs and trees express this 

 fact by their general appearance. 



The city of Pasadena now has five large parks, besides the street park- 

 ings, which really are a part of the park system and form connecting 

 links between the parks themselves. 



