424 THE MONTHLY BULLETIN. 



*Manzanillo No. 1. — In many of the warmer irrigated regions of the 

 interior this tree is a remarkable bearer. The fruit is of fairly uniform 

 size and shape. In size it will perhaps grade a little larger than the 

 Mission. In shape the olives are more nearly round. They are some- 

 what flattened on their ends. The name means "Little Apple" and is 

 taken from their shape. They make fair oil, but are mainly used for 

 pickles, in this country at least. The texture of these olives is finer and 

 more delicate than that of the Mission olive and more care must be 

 exercised in the pickling process. For this reason, and because the 

 fruit is more subject to certain injuries of the tree, canners hold them 

 less in favor than they do the Mission. But because of their early and 

 uniform ripening and because they are heavy bearers in suitable locali- 

 ties, they are held in high favor by many growers, and their popularity 

 is sure to increase when canners have learned proper methods of hand- 

 ling them. The tree is not so strong a grower as the Mission and is 

 more inclined to the horizontal or drooping habit of growth. It begins 

 bearing early and continues to bear regular and heavy crops where soil, 

 cultural and climatic conditions are favorable. The tree requires a 

 good, rich, well drained soil and a constant supply of moisture. It 

 needs rather high temperature during the blossoming season. It is 

 reasonably resistant to frost in the dormant state, but will not stand 

 drought and if the ground is allowed to become dry during the time 

 the fruit is on the tree much, if not all, the fruit will be lost. 



*Sevillano.— The fruit of this variety is said to be the largest of all. 

 It is sometimes known as the "Queen" olive. But "Queen" is a trade 

 name applied to all large, green, pickled olives, and is not a variety 

 name. The tree is of less vigorous growth than either of the preceding 

 varieties. Still it is a hardy tree and will grow well in good soil. 

 Especially is this true when given plenty of water and good cultivation. 

 The growth of this tree is more upright and bushy than that of the 

 Manzanillo, so that it requires more care in pruning to keep the tree 

 open. The fruit is large, ovate in shape and ripens somewhat later 

 than the Manzanillo. In Spain it is always pickled green, but it is used 

 for ripe pickles here. 



*Ascolano. — The Ascolano, or white olive of Ascoli. is grown in 

 several localities here in California and in most places is said to be a 

 good and regular bearer. The fruit is large, ellipsoidal in shape, light 

 in color and has very little bitterness. The fruit ripens quite early and 

 the dormant tree is fairly resistant to frost. Picklers object to this olive 

 on account of its lack of color and because it blisters and softens so 

 easily in the pickling process. One or two canners have learned to pro- 

 cess it successfully, however, and are paying good prices for it. It is 

 said that this tree gives better results along the coast than other vari- 

 eties and may fill the need of those who wish to grow olives in such 

 situations. 



*Agostino. — This variety has shown promise in a few orchards at 

 Fairoaks, Sacramento County, and south of. Lodi in San Joaquin 

 Count}^. In the latter locality several trees have been bearing well 

 for a number of years ; in the former 50 trees bore for the first time in 



♦Descriptions by F. T. Bioletti. 



