Page 30 



BETTER FRUIT 



September 



Ridley, Houlding & Co, 



COVENT GARDEN, LONDON 



Points to remember when consigning 

 apples to the London Market 



1.— We Specialize in Apples 



2.— All Consignments Receive our 

 Personal Attention 



3-The Fruit is Sold by 

 Private Treaty 



CABLE ADDRESS: BOTANIZING, LONDON 



LESLIE BUTLER. President 

 TRUMAN BUTLER, Vice President 

 C. H. VAUGHAN, Cashier 



Established 1900 



Butler Banking Company 



HOOD RIVER, OREGON 



Capital . . $100,000.00 



4% Interest Paid in our Savings Department 



WE GIVE SPECIAL ATTENTION TO GOOD FARM LOANS 



If you have money to loan we will find you good real estate security, or If you 

 want to borrow we can place your application in good hands, and we make no 

 charge for this service. 



THE OLDEST BANK IN HOOD RIVER VALLEY 



EWBALTESAND 

 COMPANY 



Printers • Binders 



Unexcelled facilities for the production of Catalogues, Book- 

 lets, Stationery, Posters and Advertising Matter. Write us 

 for prices and specifications. Out-of-town orders executed 

 promptly and accurately. We print BETTER FRUIT. 



CORNER FIRST AND OAK STREETS 

 PORTLAND, OREGON 



but the "bitter rot," for which it is mis- 

 taken, is quite a different disease, and 

 all attempts to associate a fungus with 

 bitter pit have failed. If we cannot 

 always decide definitely what the cause 

 of a disease is, it is important to know 

 what it is not, in order to save the 

 application of useless remedies. Bitter 

 pit is due neither to insects nor fungus, 

 nor even to bacteria, and therefore it 

 is not parasitic in its origin. 



In Australia it has been frankly con- 

 fessed that the cause was unknown and 

 that it required investigation. 



The result of this investigation goes 

 to show that the primary cause of the 

 trouble is the extra pressure of the sap 

 in the outermost layer of pulp-cells to 

 begin with, causing them to burst and 

 collapse, together with the vascular net- 

 work associated with them. A large 

 number of well-established facts have 

 been brought forward to support this 

 view, which has suggested the best 

 known means of reducing the amount 

 of pit in the orchard, and these reme- 

 dies are supported by experimental 

 evidence. 



The cause having been considered, 

 the control of the disease may now be 

 attempted from a rational standpoint. 

 Whatever tends to regulate the "flow of 

 sap" and distribute it to the various 

 fruit-buds so that each receives its due 

 share without being over-gorged, will 

 also tend to prevent pit. It is evident 

 that pruning is the great factor here, 

 and it has been proved experimentally 

 that the pit in a susceptible variety such 

 as Cleopatra may be reduced to 4-6 per 

 cent by this means. But the fruit may 

 be picked from the tree without any 

 external trace of bitter pit and develop 

 it afterwards. It was one of the main 

 objects of this investigation to prevent 

 the loss due to this cause in oversea 

 shipments of fruit, and this serious loss 

 may now be prevented by the exercise 

 of common-sense methods. By keeping 

 the fruit in cold storage at a uniform 

 temperature of 30-32 degrees Fahren- 

 hent, the development of bitter pit is 

 retarded, and at the same time the 

 ripening process is arrested. This is 

 based upon the well-known principle 

 that at that temperature there is a slow- 

 ing down of the vital activities, and it 

 is practically a case of suspended ani- 

 mation. All these results have been 

 obtained by the experimental method, 

 which is the only sure and satisfactory 

 way of advancing our knowledge and 

 at the same time assisting the orchard- 

 ists. The practical applications have 

 already been given and reported upon. 



We are informed that a new booklet 

 has just been published on reducing 

 cider to boiled cider and apple jelly 

 and the manufacture of apple butter by 

 the steam process. Information on this 

 subject will be of value to the fruit 

 growers, especially this year, when all 

 waste must be conserved to the fullest 

 possible extent, and all perishable 

 fruits converted into by-products for 

 food use. This booklet, which is known 

 as Catalogue No. 82, will be sent free 

 on request by the Hydraulic Press 

 Manufacturing Company, Mt. Gilead, 

 Ohio. — Adv. 



WHEN WRITING ADVERTISERS MENTION BETTER FRUIT 



