1 9 1 8 



BETTER FRUIT 



Pace 2i 



LADD?TILTON| 

 • BANK ■ 



Fifty-nine Years 



of continuous service to 

 the Northwest is the 

 record of this pioneer 

 bank. 



Today, as always, it 

 bears the reputation of 

 being at once conser- 

 vative and progressive 

 —a wise combination. 



We solicit accounts, 

 either personal or bus- 

 iness. 



Ladd & Tilton Bank 



PORTLAND, OREGON 



grains produced by a Wealthy apple 

 tree and capable of fertilizing flowers 

 on a Mcintosh tree will not fertilize 

 flowers on a Wealthy tree is not clear. 

 We say that nature has in some way 

 provided for cross-fertilization, the 

 purpose of which is, we believe, to 

 better maintain vigor in plants. We 

 have explained why the transfer of 

 pollen between two Wealthy apple trees 

 does not constitute cross-pollination in 

 the same sense as it does between two 

 red clover plants each produced from 

 a seed. So we see why with fruit trees 

 it is necessary to inter-plant varieties 

 for cross-pollination. It has been found 

 impossible to compile lists of self- 

 sterile and self-fertile varieties which 

 will be found reliable under all condi- 

 tions — these characters are not con- 

 stant. Whether or not the variety is 

 self-fertile or self-sterile is determined 

 somewhat by conditions under which it 

 is grown. Some believe that varieities 

 are as variable in this respect as in 

 color, size or shape of fruit. Under 

 arid conditions where little rain falls 

 during the blooming period the list of 

 self-sterile varieties would probably be 

 smaller than in a humid section. Vari- 

 eties self-fertile under ideal conditions 

 for growth mas' become self-sterile 

 when planted in poor soil or in an un- 

 favorable climate. 



, Aside from this necessity for cross- 

 pollination, commonly found among 

 fruit trees, il has been observed that, 

 even in those varieties where it is not 

 absolutely necessary the transfer ill' 

 pollen from another variety often im- 



proves the quality of the resulting fruit 

 both in size and color. This has been 

 reported in the case of plums, pears and 

 apple, and although the improvement 

 has not been phenomenal it has in 

 many cases been considered sufficient 

 to recommend the inter-planting even 

 of self-fertile varieties. 



To the orchardist at least the ques- 

 tion of cross-pollination is such an im- 

 portant one that we can no longer over- 

 look the value of inter-planting varie- 

 ties. Only a limited amount of work 

 has been done to determine whether or 

 not certain varieties are best pollinized 

 by certain other varieties. If a variety 

 is selected chiefly as a pollinizer, it 

 should be a good pollen producer. This 

 quality may vary under different condi- 

 tions. Gravenstein, Grimes Golden, 

 Winesap and Yellow Transparent have 

 been reported as poor pollen producers, 

 and under some conditions Black Twig 

 is also a poor pollen producer. Under 

 most conditions Gano, King, Wagener 

 and York Imperial produce an abun- 

 dance of pollen. In the case of sweet 

 cherries the Oregon Station found that 

 Black Tartarian and Waterhouse were 

 very efficient pollinizers. 



To be adapted to cross-pollination 

 varieties must bloom at the same time. 

 In the case of pears there is not much 

 difference in dates of blooming. In the 

 case of apples some very early bloom- 

 ers like Gravenstein or Transcendent 

 may be past blooming before a late 

 bloomer like Rome Beauty is ready to 

 receive pollen. Nearly all cherries 

 bloom near enough together to cross- 

 fertilize. Plums vary more, but usually 

 those of the same class bloom near 

 enough together to insure a set of fruit. 



As to the proportion of pollinizers, 

 weather conditions and insects will de- 

 termine this. If the blooming season is 

 usually warm and free from rain, one 

 pollen producer in ten will usually be 

 sufficient. In most cases it would be 

 safest to double this proportion of pol- 

 linizers. Trees planted for pollen pro- 

 duction need not be mixed indiscrim- 

 inately through the orchard. Always 

 plant them in rows for convenience in 

 spraying and gathering, one row in ten, 

 one row in five, or whatever the pro- 

 portion is. 



Next we must have agents for dis- 

 tributing pollen. It has been esti- 

 mated that fully 99 per cent of cross- 

 fertilization in the orchard is brought 

 about by insects. Wind plays very little 

 pari in distributing the pollen of our 

 common fruit trees. No doubt the com- 

 mon honey bee is the chief polleij 

 hearer. Other bees and flies distribute 

 pollen to a limited extent. Especially 

 in those fruits where the transmission 

 of blight is not a factor any orchardist 

 would do well In keep a few bees, or, 

 better still, encourage the bee keepers 

 in his community. Even in the ease of 

 the apple and pear where the spread of 

 blight may he directly attributed to 

 bees, it is still a question whether Hie 

 bees are more harmful than beneficial. 

 (luce we have eliminated those varieties 

 responsible for harboring blight from 

 year !o year, the honey bee cannot he 

 denied the good will of the progressive 

 orchardist. 



rUPHK 



Gasoline Engines 



Spraying — Irrigating 

 1 to 28 H.P. 



If the successful outcome of your 

 crop DEPENDS on this work, put a 

 DEPENDABLE ENGINE behind the 

 pump. We will gladly recommend the 

 proper size engine for your require- 

 ments. 



If the engine on your sprayer is not 

 absolutely dependable, make sure of 

 results by replacing it with a smooth 

 running Alpha Engine. Built in mag- 

 neto-no batteries used— starts easily 

 without cranking. 



NOW is the time to send to 



Milton Nursery Company 



MILTON, OREGON 



FOR THEIR 1918 CATALOG. 



FULL LINE OF NURSERY STOCK. 



"Genuineness and Quality" 



True-to-Name Nursery 



ESTABLISHED 1902 



Offers a general line of nursery stock, with a special 

 offering of Anjou, Bosc and Bartlett Pears. These 

 trees are grown with buds personally selected from 

 bearing trees and are guaranteed "true-to-name." 

 Address all communications to 



TRUE-TO-NAME NURSERY 



H.S.Galligan.Prop. 



Hood River, Oregon 



FISH!! FISH!! 



100 lbs. salmon in brine, shipping weight 



165 lbs . $11.00 



Smoked salmon, 20 lbs. net 3 25 



Dried True codfish, 10 lbs 1 50 



Ask for our fresh and cured fish price list. 

 T. A. BEARD, 4322 Winslow Place, Seattle, Wash. 



Nice Bright Western Pine 



FRUIT BOXES 



AND CRATES 



Good standard grades. Well made. Quick shipments. 

 Carloads or less. Get our prices. 



Western Pine Box Sales Co. 



SPOKANE, WASH 



WHIN WRI1 '' UENTION BETTER FRUIT 



