ipi6 



BETTER FRUIT 



Page 27 



lliroughout the entire season from the 

 thiie the buds begin to open until all 

 danger of scab-favoring weather is 

 past, or else he must aciiuire more skill 

 as a weather prophet than most of us 

 ever hope for. In addition to the poor 

 results which have come from failure 

 on the part of the growers to keep 

 their trees protected at all times during 

 the dangerous period, we must mention 

 the poor results that are attributable to 

 lack of thoroughness. There are abun- 

 dant instances in our apple-growing 

 sections where two neighbors using 

 practically the same spraying schedule 

 will have entirely dilferent results as 

 far as scab control is concerned sim|)ly 

 because one has alwa\s dcme the woik 

 thoroughly while the other has not. 

 'loo great emphasis cannot be laid on 

 thoroughness. Growers must under- 

 stand clearly that any portion of the 

 surface of a fruit or leaf not covered 

 with spray mixture naturally remains 

 LUiprotected against infection. A spore 

 can germinate and penetrate fruit or 

 foliage at any point where no fungicide 

 has been deposited. 



I wish to call attention to the desira- 

 l)ility of destroying or plowing under 

 the fallen leaves. Wherever this has 

 been thoroughly done there seems to 

 liavc resulted a marked diminution in 

 the primary spring infections. I doubt 

 vvhetlier it is jjossible to do so thorough 

 a job, however, tliat spring spraying 

 could safely be abandoned; but present 

 evidence indicates that it is a desirable 

 practice which ought to be encouraged. 

 It may perhaps be possible to destroy 

 the fungus in the fallen leaves by some 

 spray applied to them after they have 

 fallen, but exi)eriments with the stanrl- 

 ard fungicides have given negative re- 

 sults. These, however, form a practi- 

 cally insoluble coating on the exterior 

 of the leaves and would not be likely 

 to have any effect on the fungus which 

 in this stage lies protected within the 

 leaf tissues. My attention, however, 

 has been called to an orchard in the 

 W'illamelte Valley badly affected with 

 scab last year where the owner 

 sprayed part of it this spring just as 

 the buds were swelling with pure blue- 

 stone (copper sulphate) at the rate of 

 2 poimds to .^0 gallons of water, while 

 ])art was left unsprayed. No further 

 fungicidal application was given. It is 

 reporteil that on the sprayed section 



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