I0i6 



BETTER FRUIT 



Page 39 



the season, ami we therefore reeom- 

 mend it to those who prefer sticking 

 to one Ivind of material throughout. 

 The first application for safety ought 

 to be given just after the cluster buds 

 unfold and before the leaves get to be 

 much larger than squirrels' ears. This 

 "semi-dormant" application gave an 

 increase of from 3(1 to CO per cent in 

 clean fruit over plots sprayed first in 

 the "pink" in one of our Hood River 

 orchards this year. We used lime- 

 sulphur, 1-20, and added a nicotine 

 sulphate preparation to take care of 

 the insects. Some burning was expe- 

 rienced and possibly a slight dwarfing 

 of the first leaves, but the injury was 

 insignificant in view of the benefit de- 

 rived. The second ai)plication should 

 be made in the "pink" stage, that is, 

 just before the blossoms open. Here 

 we used lime-sulphur, l-,35, with good 

 results. Bordeaux caused russeling in 

 our plots last season where used at this 

 time, contrary to the usual expecta- 

 tions. The third spray is the "calyx" 

 spray, applied when most of the petals 

 have fallen. Lime-sulphur, 1-35, with 

 arsenate of lead added for codling 

 moth, should be used. The fourth 

 spray should be given about "ten days" 

 later. Under average conditions lime- 

 sulphur, 1-35, seems to give the most 

 satisfactory results. A fifth spray ought 

 to be applied a month after blossoming 

 and where the down has disappeared 

 from the fruit, especially in the case 

 of varieties not extremely subject to 

 russcting, boredaux may be used in the 

 3-3-50 or 4-4-50 strength. I am con- 

 vinced that the omission of this appli- 

 cation is not safe in most Oregon apple 

 sections. Lime-sulphur, 1-35, may of 

 course be used where burning is iKit 

 feared. 



The summer season is rarely favor- 

 able to scab, and where the orchard has 

 been well taken care of in the spiing 

 there will be little trouble from serious 

 new infections in the average fall. II 

 would be safer, of course, to protect 

 the fruit with an anplicalion of bor- 

 deaux or lime-sulphur sometime in 

 AuPust or early Sei)tember. I have a 

 feeling also that if the foliaae were 

 well covered in the fall from the stai't. 

 few leaves would receive the infections 

 which ordinarilv result in the develop- 

 ment of the winter stage. In other 

 words, the priinarv spring infection 

 michl be materially reduced. The 

 majority of previous experiments with 

 fall spraving have, I suspect, begun too 

 late to be effective. During the i)ast 

 season, bad as it has been, many grow- 

 ers from diO'erent sections of the stale 

 have secured a crop of 90 to 05 ])er 

 cent clean fruit when their neighbors 

 had only 5 to 25 per cent free from 

 apple scab, with only spraying to 

 account for the difference. Whenever 

 there was failure in spraying it is 

 attributable in iiracticallv all cases 

 either to failure to have the trees pro- 

 tected at some critical time or to lack 

 of thoroughness in doing the work. 

 Apple scab can be controlled in this 

 state or any other "when the riglil 

 materials arc used in the right w:iy 

 and at the right time." 



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The Success of a Fruit Grower 



depends largely on the 

 way he cares for his 

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THE DALLES, OREGON 



\\'H!.N- WRITING APVLRT ISFKS MENTrON BFTTEK FKIIT 



