ipiO 



BETTER FRUIT 



P^^g<-' 35 



In addition to the benefit derived from 

 incorporating tlie vegetatjle matter into 

 the soil the nitrogen can be aeciiiired 

 more cheaply by growing legumes than 

 by purchasing conunercial nitrogen. 

 By the proper use of live stock a large 

 portion (possibly 80 per cent) of the 

 fertilizer value of forage consumed 

 should be returned to the land and a 

 moderate piolit derived from feeding it. 

 Nitrogen in its various commercial 

 forms should not be generally used. 

 It is desirable for extreme cases only, 

 as similar and far more permanent 

 results can be gotten by the use of 

 leguminous crops. Not only does the 

 application of nitrogen-bearing organic 

 matter supply the nmch-needed nitro- 

 gen to the trees, but it exerts a very 

 beneficial and lasting elTect upon the 

 tilth and water-holding capacity of the 

 soil. A very striking example of the 

 influence of clover upon the condition 

 of the soil and the growth of trees upon 

 it exists in a Hood River orchard in 

 which a portion of the land was de- 

 voted to clover previous to planting of 

 the trees. Although the trees are about 

 18 years of age, the soil is in better 

 physical condition and the trees are 

 considerably larger than in the remain- 

 der of the orchard. 



The system of cropping that should 

 be used depends largely upon the avail- 

 able supi)l\- of moisture. Where irri- 

 gation is not provided for the use of 

 winter cover crops of common vetch 

 (V. sativa) or hairy vetch (V. villosa) 

 should be used. This practice, followed 

 by systematic clean cultivation through- 

 out the summer, will maintain the fer- 

 tility- of the land and result in the 

 greatest possible economy of the lim- 

 ited supply of moisture, all of which 

 will be needed bv mature fruiting trees. 

 Upon irrigated land more or less per- 

 manent crops can be grown in the 

 orchards, as has been partially demon- 

 strated in all jjarts of the district. The 

 croi) that is of greatest value for use 

 in the orchard has not yet been fully 

 determined. 



Red clover has many advantages over 

 alfalfa for use with fruit trees in the 

 orchard. Clover is jireferable to alfalfa 

 in a minor way on account of its 

 greater tolerance of shade and cool 

 weather and conseijuent longer period 

 of growth. The principal feature in 

 which clover is superior to alfalfa is 

 the influence it has upon cultivation of 

 the soil by its habit of dving out at the 

 end of the seond or third year. 



Frequent thorough stirring of the 

 soil is very necessary for many rea- 

 sons, the principal of which are to 

 permit its being ijroperly aerated, 

 which process is vital to the life and 

 activity of myriads of bacteria whose 

 function in the soil is to bring about 

 the decay of organic matter with its 

 consecpient action upon the many ele- 

 ments of jdanl food within the soil. 

 Where alfalfa Is used the tendency is 

 to not cultivate the soil sufficientlv. 

 Once this crop is well established the 

 land can be thoroughly worked at fre- 

 ([uent intervals with no appreciable in- 

 jury to Ihc plants, but it is seldom done. 



Millions of Worms 



LAST SEASON 



A Fight on Your Hands 



THIS SEASON 



Select Your Ammunition 



WITH EXTREME CARE 



HOLD TO WHAT YOU KNOW iS GOOD 



The Grasselli Brand 



ALWAYS UNIFORM-ALWAYS DEPENDABLE-NEVER FAILS 



thh: standard 

 Grasselli Arsenate of L.ead Paste 

 Grasselli Arsenate of L-ead Po'wder 

 Grasselli Sulphate of Nicotine 40% 



The Grasselli Chemical Co. 



Established 1839 CLEVELAND. OHIO 



BRANCHES 



New York, St. Paul, Cincinnati, Chicago, St. Louis 



Detroit, New Orleans, Boston, Philadelphia 



Grasselli 



SL7"£ 03 



Pear Trees for Sale 



I have a large lot to offer of the following sorts: Bartlett, AtljOU, 



Bosc, Winter Neiis. B.CIairgeau, Howell, Cornice and other varieties. 



All budded trees, one and two years old. 



I also have Plum and Prune Trees budded on plum, and budded 

 berry-bearing and seedling Holly Trees from 2 to 5 feet. Also Mazzard 

 Cherry and Marianna Plum stocks for nursery planting. 



Good stock at very low prices to Nurserymen, Dealers and Planters. 



JAMBS W. STE.PHENS 



Kelso, M^asHing'ton 



V\ni:N WRITING ADVERTISERS MENTION BETTER FRUIT 



