Page ?6 



BETTER FRUIT 



April 



Fire Blight Destroys 

 Thousands of Trees 



FIRE BLIGHT OF THE APPLE 



IS SPREAD BY APHIS 



APHIS CHECKS GROWTH OF TREES 



APHIS CAUSES LEAVES TO CURL 



APHIS DEFORMS FRUIT 



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CORNER FIRST AND OAK STREETS 

 PORTLAND, OREGON 



This is but a Ijrief account of ttie 

 spectacular history of the original 

 Newtown Pippin. The old tree stood, 

 almost within the memory of those still 

 living, on the edge of the swamp near 

 the Long Island village after which it 

 was named. It lived a most useful life 

 and achieved greatness, for men from 

 near and fai- came to take scions from 

 this famous tree, once an unnoticed 

 seedling, which died for the cause, 

 l)eiiig literally cut to pieces by scion 

 seekers. 



Tomato BHght A Serious Menace 

 to Tomato Industry 



By F. D. Heald. Professor Plant Pathology. Washing- 

 ton State College, and Plant Pathologist of the Wash- 

 ington Experiment Station. 



Continued from last issue 

 Hhizoctonia is a cosmopolitan fungus 

 of omniverous habits. As a damping- 

 olf fungus of various crop plants, it is 

 known from all parts of the world. It 

 has been reported by various investi- 

 gators as parasitic upon the following: 

 Peas, beans, clover, alfalfa and other 

 leguminous crops; potato, tomato and 

 egg plant; beets, carrots, celery, lettuce, 

 radish, blackberry; cotton and okra; 

 ornamental asparagus, china aster, car- 

 nation, sweet William, violet, verbena, 

 liydrnnga, caiith fid't, sage, phlox, be- 

 gonia, coleus and snapdragon; lambs 

 (iiiarters, tumble weed and pig weed. 

 It is important to note that Rhizoctonia 

 has not been known to attack any 

 cereals or other species of the grass 

 family. 



The Hhizoctonia disease has been 

 found in Wasliinutun during the past 

 season in severe form upon tomatoes, 

 I)otatoes, beans, peas, cucumbers, pep- 

 pers and strawbei-ries. As a tomato 

 and a i)ofato trouble it has a state-wide 

 distribution. Man\ bean failures in the 

 .Snake and f^olumbia Valleys are un- 

 doubtedly due to this disease. The 

 sym|)toma(ology of the disease on the 

 various hosts diffeis somewhat, but the 

 causal organism can always be found 

 upon the root system of the affected 

 plants. The establishment of the fact 

 that the "tomato blight" is due to 

 Rhizoctonia, the same fungus which 

 produces a very similar disease upon 

 potatoes and many other plants, marks 

 a most important advance in our 

 knowledge. It seems probable that 

 potatoes have been responsible for the 

 introduction and spread of this disease 

 more than any other crop, since tubers 

 from an infected crop may carry the 

 fungus. 



For tomatoes there are only two pos- 

 sible sources of the fungus: First, a 

 .geneial presence of Rhizoctonia in the 

 soil, due to the previous occurrence of 

 the disease, either upon tomatoes or 

 some other crop; second, the use of an 

 infected soil for the seed bed in which 

 the tomato i)lants are grown. 



Suggestions for the Control of Rhizoc- 

 tonia of Tomatoes 



Since the fungus is confined in the 

 main to the roots and basal portion of 

 the stem any tieatment with fungicides 

 would lie useless. The beliavi<ir of 



':n writing AinEkTISEKS MIIMION BETTER FRl'lT 



